Journal of Neuroscience
Articles in this Issue
Corticolimbic structure-function coupling is sensitive to childhood adversity and buffers adversity-related symptoms during development
Childhood adversity is a potent predictor of mental health problems across the lifespan, and cross-species literature implicates stress-sensitive corticolimbic circuits in adversity-related psychopath...
Functional integrity of mesolimbic-hippocampal circuits is associated with anhedonia in individuals with early life stress
Anhedonia reflects a transdiagnostic deficit in a range of processes that impact reward and motivation. While human neuroimaging has mainly focused on striatal-related alterations in anhedonia, animal...
Localized Tuning Fields for 3D Hand Position in the Primary Motor Cortex and Premotor Cortex of Macaques
A central question in motor neuroscience is how the brain represents the state of the limbs to guide volitional movements. While the primate motor cortex is known to encode movement kinematics, such a...
Anterior cingulate cortex projections to the amygdala in primates: topographic and layer-specific organization underlying emotion and mood regulation
Emotion and mood regulation critically depends on interactions between the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the amygdala. However, the detailed architecture of ACC projections to their major target...
The role of the locus coeruleus in eye movements during perceptual decision making
The locus coeruleus (LC) is the primary source of norepinephrine in the brain and has been implicated in the processes of attention, arousal, and perceptual decision making. Although prior work has li...
Stage-dependent effects of “too little and too much” medial prefrontal activity on reversal learning in rats: functional inhibition impairs early, whereas neural disinhibition impairs late reversals
Schizophrenia is associated with prefrontal cortex dysfunction, including neural disinhibition (reduced GABAergic inhibition) and hypoactivation (‘hypofrontality’), alongside impaired reversal learnin...
Non-overlapping social and sucrose reward representations in the basolateral amygdala
Animals must continually evaluate the relative value of social and nonsocial rewards to guide adaptive behavior. While both food and social stimuli engage overlapping reward networks, how these reward...
Neuronal mechanisms mediating long-lasting changes in signal processing also influence neurovascular coupling in the rat hippocampus
To investigate how altered neural signal processing influences fMRI-BOLD responses in the hippocampus, we performed simultaneous in vivo electrophysiology and BOLD-fMRI in male Wistar rats during elec...
Selection and learning shape communication networks in the dog brain
Over tens of thousands of years of coevolution with humans, dogs have developed exceptional communicative abilities through both inherited adaptations and individual learning. Using diffusion MRI trac...
Pupil size dynamics predict momentary changes in self-reported arousal
Subjective arousal, or feelings of activation and alertness, can dynamically modulate affect, behavior, and cognition. Momentary changes in subjective arousal have typically been assessed with self-re...
Brain architecture of punishment learning
Learning from punishment allows animals to suppress actions that produce adverse consequences while maintaining other rewarded behaviors. However, the brain mechanisms of this learning are poorly unde...
Increased attentive use is linked to more idiosyncratic functional connections
Experience is thought to modify neural connections to adapt the network to be more optimal for the environment. Given the brain’s complexity, multiple network changes could each move the system toward...
Layer 5 and 6b extratelencephalic neurons encode distinct sound features in auditory cortex
Extratelencephalic (ET) neurons in layers (L)5 and 6b of the auditory cortex (ACtx) provide major corticofugal outputs to subcortical structures and contribute to auditory learning and experience-depe...
Ultrastructural and electrophysiological determination of the patency of monkey cone outer segment membranes
Cone photoreceptors support the high-acuity color vision characteristic of many primates, including humans. In several nonmammalian species, such as amphibians, the light-sensitive disk membranes with...
Sex-specific organization and synaptic signaling in prefrontal-hypothalamic circuitry
Top down signaling from the cortex to the hypothalamus is critical to link cognitive and emotional processing to homeostasis and motivation. This study investigates signaling from the medial prefronta...
Descending Brainstem Systems Contribute to Ankle Clonus in Humans with Spinal Cord Injury
Ankle clonus is a sustained, involuntary, rhythmic muscle contraction frequently observed in humans with spinal cord injury (SCI). Although its pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, converg...
GIRK Channels Regulate Circadian Rhythms of Excitability in Prokineticin 2 Neurons of the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus and Modulate Behavioral Circadian Rhythms
The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian clock in mammals, generates robust yet adaptable circadian rhythms through electrically mediated coordination among heterogeneous peptidergic n...
Unpacking Ventral Pallidum GABA Neuron Contributions to Opioid Drug Reward in Rats
Addiction is a heterogeneous disorder, and the specific psychological processes and neural mechanisms involved are hard to parse in humans. Animal models are useful in this regard, as biological subst...
Untangling axons: distinguishing the geniculate ganglion and trigeminal ganglion contributions to mechanosensory innervation of the tongue
Oral mechanosensation underlies feeding, speech, and grooming, yet our understanding of the neurons and their terminals in the oral cavity remains limited. The trigeminal ganglion (TG) and geniculate...
Positive and Negative Retinotopic Codes in the Human Hippocampus
The hippocampus sits at the apex of the visual hierarchy, yet little is known about the visual properties of this core memory structure. Recent work suggests that a latent, bivalent retinotopic code p...
Hippocampal theta distinguishes between memory-guided and exploratory saccades in humans
Memory shapes how we explore the visual world, but the neural mechanisms linking mnemonic processes to eye movements during naturalistic viewing are not well understood. Theta-band oscillatory activit...
Detection and Removal of Hyper-synchronous Artifacts in Massively Parallel Spike Recordings
Contemporary electrophysiology experiments often involve massively parallel recordings of neuronal activity using multi-electrode arrays. While researchers have been aware of artifacts arising fromele...
The neural correlates of parallel and serial search
For decades, target–distractor similarity has been known to induce distinct visual search modes. A highly salient target can pop out, suggesting parallel processing of all items irrespective of set si...
Brain-wide circuitry underlying altered auditory habituation in zebrafish models of autism
Auditory processing is widely understood to occur differently in autism, though the patterns of brain activity underlying these differences are not well understood. The diversity of autism also means...
Optoretinography in R9AP-Bradyopsia Reveals an Essential role of G-protein Activation and Deactivation in the Human Cone Elongation Response
Photoreceptor outer segments (OS) shorten and elongate in response to bleaching stimuli: these responses are measurable optically at nanometer scale resolution with OCT and collectively known as the o...