Journal of Neuroscience
Articles in this Issue
Auditory Training Alters the Cortical Representation of Complex Sounds
Auditory learning is supported by long-term changes in the neural processing of sound. We examined these task-depend changes in the auditory cortex by mapping neural sensitivity to timbre, pitch, and...
Disruption of Transthalamic Circuitry from the Primary Visual Cortex Impairs Visual Discrimination in Mice
Layer 5 (L5) of the cortex provides strong driving input to higher-order thalamic nuclei, such as the pulvinar in the visual system, forming the basis of cortico-thalamo-cortical (transthalamic) circu...
Neural Processing of Taste-Related Signals in the Mediodorsal Thalamus of Mice
Our consummatory decisions depend on the taste of food and the reward experienced while eating, which are processed through neural computations in interconnected brain areas. Although many gustatory r...
CCKergic Tufted Cells Regulate Odor Sensitivity by Controlling Mitral Cell Output in the Mouse Olfactory Bulb
Despite the importance of odor detection to the survival of most animals, mechanisms governing olfactory sensitivity remain unclear, especially beyond the olfactory sensory neurons. Here, we leverage...
Overlapping Cortical Substrate of Biomechanical Control and Subjective Agency
Every movement requires the nervous system to solve a complex biomechanical control problem, but this process is mostly veiled from one’s conscious awareness. Simultaneously, we also have conscious ex...
Acoustic Enrichment Prevents Early Life Stress-Induced Disruptions in Sound Azimuth Processing
Early life stress (ELS) has been shown to disrupt cognitive and limbic functions, yet its impact on sensory systems, particularly the auditory system, remains insufficiently understood. In this study,...
Large-Scale High-Resolution Probabilistic Maps of the Human Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus Subdivisions and Their Cortical Terminations
The superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) is the large white matter association tract connecting the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices. Past studies in nonhuman primates have parcellated the...
Spike Rate Inference from Mouse Spinal Cord Calcium Imaging Data
Calcium imaging is a key method to record the spiking activity of identified and genetically targeted neurons. However, the observed calcium signals are only an indirect readout of the underlying elec...
Contractions in Human Cerebellar-Cortical Manifold Structure Underlie Motor Reinforcement Learning
How the brain learns new motor commands through reinforcement involves distributed neural circuits beyond known frontal-striatal pathways, yet a comprehensive understanding of this broader neural arch...
Dissociation of Value and Confidence Signals in the Orbitofrontal Cortex during Decision-Making: An Intracerebral Electrophysiology Study in Humans
Some decisions, such as selecting a food item in a novel menu, are not based on rational norms, or on trained habits, but on subjective preferences. How the human brain makes these preference-based de...
Amplification of Olfactory Transduction Currents Implements Sparse Stimulus Encoding
Sensory systems must perform the dual and opposing tasks of being sensitive to weak stimuli while also maintaining information content in dense and variable sensory landscapes. This occurs in the olfa...
Neural Dynamics of Reselecting Visual and Motor Contents in Working Memory after External Interference
In everyday tasks, we must often shift our focus away from internal representations held in working memory to engage with perceptual events in the external world. Here, we investigated how our interna...
Activational and Organizational Effects of Sex Hormones on Hippocampal Inhibitory Neurons
Peripheral and brain-produced sex hormones exert sex-specific regulation of hippocampal cognitive function. Estrogens produced by neuronal aromatase regulate inhibitory neurons (INs) and hippocampal-d...
Understanding Human Amygdala Function with Artificial Neural Networks
The amygdala is a cluster of subcortical nuclei that receives diverse sensory inputs and projects to the cortex, midbrain, and other subcortical structures. Numerous accounts of amygdalar contribution...
Specific Functional Connectivity of Molecular Subtypes of Subplate and Layer 6b Neurons
Subplate neurons (SpNs) are among the earliest generated cortical neurons that form functional cortical synapses and aid in cortical circuit development. A fraction of SpNs survive and form Layer (L)6...
Thinking as Analogy-Making: Toward a Neural Process Account of General Intelligence
What is the secret of human intelligence? A key discovery in psychology is that performance correlations across diverse cognitive tasks are explained by a few broad abilities and one overarching gener...