Journal of Neuroscience
Articles in this Issue
Most Ventral Pallidal Cholinergic Neurons Are Bursting Basal Forebrain Cholinergic Neurons with Mesocorticolimbic Connectivity
The ventral pallidum (VP) lies at the intersection of basal ganglia and basal forebrain circuitry, possessing attributes of both major subcortical systems. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs)...
Deep Sound Synthesis Matched to Brain Activity Recapitulates Preferential Responses to Speech and Music
The human auditory system extracts meaning from sounds in the environment by transforming acoustic input signals into semantic categories, such as speech and music. Although distinct acoustic features...
Exercise-Induced Differential Transcriptional Output of AMPK Signaling Improves Axon Regeneration and Functional Recovery
In adulthood, the regenerative capacity of the injured brain circuit is poor, thereby preventing functional restoration. Rehabilitative physical exercise is a promising approach for enhancing the beha...
Chronic Pain and Cognitive Dysfunction: Clinical Implement, Mechanism, and Therapeutic Strategy
Chronic pain (CP) is increasingly recognized not only as a sensory and emotional condition but also as a significant contributor to cognitive dysfunction. Growing evidence indicates that CP-induced co...
Positive, But Not Negative, Emotion Retroactively Enhances Memory via Neural Reactivation
Neural Tuning for Ordinal Processing: Convergent Patterns in Human Brains and Artificial Networks
Processing ordinality, i.e., the rank of an item in a series such as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc., is a fundamental skill shared by humans and animals. While humans often use symbolic sequences like numbers or...
Medial Pulvinar Nucleus as a Causal Hub for Heteromodal Naming
Our ability to retrieve the names of objects in our environment is a fundamental aspect of everyday life. This process requires a complex, dynamic network of cortical and subcortical interactions. Whi...
Environmental Enrichment Preserves Retrosplenial Parvalbumin Density and Cognitive Function in Female 5xFAD Mice
The rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) varies considerably from person to person. Numerous epidemiological studies point to the protective effects of cognitive, social, and physical...
Abnormal Neuronal Excitability and Reduced Parvalbumin Expression in Shank3-Deficient Parvalbumin Neurons of the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus
Fast-spiking, nonadaptive inhibitory neurons in the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) critically gate the reciprocal communication between the thalamus and the cortex. Parvalbumin (PV) neurons express...
Dynamic Representation of Multidimensional Object Properties in the Human Brain
Our visual world consists of an immense number of unique objects and yet, we are easily able to identify, distinguish, and reason about the things we see within a few hundred milliseconds. Here, we us...
Critical Dynamics in the Association Cortex Predict Higher Intelligence in Typically Developing Children
Neuronal network models have indicated that the so-called critical dynamics facilitate efficient information processing, while criticality disruptions were linked to neuropathology through excitation/...
Cutaneous Alternating Current Stimulation Can Cause a Phasic Modulation of Speech Perception
Segregating important stimuli from distractors is crucial for successful speech perception. Neural activity synchronized to speech, also termed “neural speech tracking,” is thought to be instrumental...
Post-Ictal Sleep Changes in Human Focal Epilepsy
Bidirectional interactions between sleep, seizures, and epilepsy remain incompletely understood. Evidence from animal models and people with focal epilepsy suggest that seizures may engage mechanisms...
Causal Evidence for Prefrontal-Motor Coupling in Reward-Responsive Goal-Directed Behavior
Interventions for major depressive disorder (MDD) using noninvasive brain stimulation often target the left lateral prefrontal cortex to reduce symptoms of anhedonia. However, the electrophysiological...