Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Future strategies for phosphorus sustainability amid worsening global cycle imbalances
Global anthropogenic phosphorus (P) cycle changes require active management with differentiated sustainability strategies across countries. This study developed a universal framework that integrates t...
Invertebrate miRNA pva-small RNA-11881/pva-miR-11881 as a potential RNA-based therapeutic against white spot syndrome virus in infected shrimp
Small RNAs and microRNAs (miRNAs) play diverse roles in host virus interactions and hold promise for therapeutic applications. An uncharacterized shrimp miRNA with potent activity against white spot s...
Toward AI foundation models for epidemics: Promise, challenges, and paths forward
Foundation models—large AI systems pretrained on broad, heterogeneous data—are transforming scientific discovery. These models (e.g., GPT, GenCast, AlphaFold) excel at learning generalizable represent...
The archaeal roots of eukaryotic life
Resolving the biological and geological events that led to the origin of eukaryotes is an ongoing challenge in biology. A major step in the evolution of complex cellular life was the merger between an...
Correction for Lee et al., Emergence of a contrast-invariant representation of naturalistic texture in macaque visual cortex
Physics-constrained neural ordinary differential equation models to discover and predict microbial community dynamics
Microbial communities play essential roles in shaping ecosystem functions and predictive modeling frameworks are crucial for understanding, controlling, and harnessing their properties. Competition an...
One test, many tongues: Surveying language proficiency across the globe
Language influences our thinking and affects many aspects of cognition, from how we perceive the world to how we interact socially. Thus, objectively characterizing linguistic background is crucial fo...
Versatile artificial muscles by decoupling anisotropy
Artificial muscles offer unique advantages for robotics, but their inability to adapt to diverse scenarios significantly limits their widespread application. We present the helical anisotropically rei...
Correction for Ranjan et al., The E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF186 and <i>RNF186</i> risk variants regulate innate receptor-induced outcomes
Dynamical modeling of individual sensory reactivity and habituation learning
Empirical research on sensory processing often focuses on group averages to uncover how sensory input translates into behavior. While this population-level approach has revealed important general prin...
Small-molecule CBLB inhibitor abolishes EGFR ubiquitination, reduces receptor endocytosis, and diminishes cell motility signaling
Endocytosis of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is considered a key regulator of the receptor signaling activity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying EGFR endocytosis are incomplet...
Structural insights into SetA-mediated Rab1 glucosylation and PI3P-guided localization during early <i>Legionella</i> infection
The bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila secretes effector proteins that remodel host endomembranes to establish a replication-permissive niche known as th...
Retraction for Li et al., Primed 3D injectable microniches enabling low-dosage cell therapy for critical limb ischemia
CALHM5 deficiency alleviates aortic aneurysm by regulating smooth muscle calcium homeostasis
Ion channels are the second most common clinical drug target besides G protein–coupled receptors. Aneurysmal diseases pose a significant threat to human life. Novel drug targets for its treatment rema...
Germline-targeted baboon apolipoprotein L-1 protects mice against African trypanosomes
Some primates are immune to infection by most African trypanosome parasites due to apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1), a primate-specific ion channel-forming protein. Our long-term objective has been to reduc...
Giant photorefractive and photoexpansion effects in a van der Waals semiconductor
Nanophotonics relies on precise nanoscale structuring, yet conventional fabrication techniques remain complex and costly. Layered van der Waals (vdW) materials, with their intrinsic anisotropy and hig...
Correspondence of large-scale functional brain network decline across aging mice and humans
Human aging is marked by progressive reorganization of large-scale functional brain networks; these brain network changes have been linked to cognitive decline and disease vulnerability. Conversely, w...
Specialization of independently acquired flagellar FliC proteins in plant-associated <i>Sphingomonas</i> balances swimming and immunogenicity
Plants monitor their environment for microbial invaders using pattern-recognition receptors that detect microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Flagellin, the main component of bacterial flagel...
Life-like behavior emerging in active and flexible microstructures
Many organisms leverage an interplay between shape and activity to generate motion and adapt to their environment. Embedding such mechanical feedback into synthetic micrometer-sized robots could elimi...
Chromatin accessibility regulates age-dependent nuclear mechanotransduction
The integration of environmental cues into cellular programs is crucial for cell function. Yet, how this integration is modulated due to cellular aging remains unclear. We propose that the 3D chromati...
Ultrasensitive measurement of brain penetration mechanics and blood vessel rupture with microscale probes
Microscale electrodes, on the order of 10 to 100 µm, are rapidly becoming critical tools for neuroscience and brain–machine interfaces for their high channel counts and spatial resolution, yet the mec...
Fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells from murine SMA muscles are intrinsically adipogenic
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the SMN1 gene. Although classically viewed as a neurogenic disease, SMA pat...
Probing charge-transfer processes in Pt/TiO <sub>2</sub> photocatalysts by amperometric/potentiometric photo-SECM
Electrocatalysts in combination with photoelectrodes can provide higher activity and/or lower overpotential for a broad range of photoelectrochemical processes. Although cocatalyst nanoparticles (NPs)...
How to revive science in America
VIBES: A multiscale modeling approach integrating within-host and between-hosts dynamics in epidemics
Infectious disease spread is a multiscale process composed of within-host (biological) and between-host (social) drivers and disentangling them from each other is a central challenge in epidemiology....