Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Scalable and accurate rare-variant association tests for whole genome sequencing time-to-event analysis in large biobanks
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) studies in large biobanks provide an unprecedented opportunity to study the rare-variant (RV) effects on the natural history of human diseases by analyzing censored time-...
Electrified release of pure CO <sub>2</sub> from postcapture liquid: A two-stage system lowers the total energy cost
Electrified carbon capture and release holds promise in carbon management; but it is constrained by high energy demand. Here, we studied two candidate systems for electrochemical CO...
Human hippocampal theta–gamma coupling coordinates sequential planning during navigation
Human behavior often relies on executing a specific sequence of actions to achieve a desired outcome. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the dynamic construction and maintenance of such sequenc...
Ecological inheritance facilitates the coexistence of environmental helpers and free riders
Many traits influence fitness indirectly by modifying shared environments that are transmitted across generations, a process known as ecological inheritance. Here, we investigate how variation in trai...
A structural disorder function linking local symmetry breaking to plastic indicators and strength in amorphous solids
Establishing intrinsic structure–property relationships in amorphous solids remains a central challenge in materials science because the absence of long-range order obscures universal structural descr...
The theory of epidemics with altruism
Social distancing can mitigate the spread of diseases in humans and animals. Social distancing allows susceptible individuals to protect themselves (and others) but confers no personal benefit for inf...
Microbial metabolite oxindole curbs acute lung injury by suppressing CXCL13
The gut–lung axis is involved in acute lung injury (ALI) and its fatal sequela, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), yet the molecular mechanisms governing this crosstalk remain poorly defined....
Integration of learned artificial sensation with vision during freely moving navigation
Humans rely on both proprioceptive and visual feedback during reaching, integrating these two sensory streams to improve movement accuracy and precision. Patients using a brain-computer interface will...
HOP2–MND1 chaperones a diffusing DMC1–ssDNA complex to survey dsDNA for homology recognition during meiotic recombination
Meiotic recombination ensures genetic diversity and accurate chromosome segregation by mediating reciprocal DNA exchange between homologous chromosomes. In this process, the meiosis-specific recombina...
Why Biden-era clean energy investment policies had limited political returns
The Biden Administration enacted the largest federal policy framework to incentivize clean energy and decarbonization in U.S. history. We examine whether Biden-era green investments produced political...
Evolutionary remodeling of a remnant GET pathway factor into PEX38, an essential peroxin
PEX19 is a cytosolic receptor that directs membrane proteins posttranslationally to peroxisomes, as well as to mitochondria, lipid droplets, and the endoplasmic reticulum. A comprehensive...
Chiral gliding: Right-handed navigation of filamentous cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria are the earliest known organisms that produced oxygen through photosynthesis, leading to the oxygen atmosphere that allowed the evolution of more complex life forms. Many species of cyan...
The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 mediates endosomal fusion and trafficking of human papillomavirus during early entry
The fusion of newly formed early endosomal vesicles after endocytosis is a crucial step in viral infection. It facilitates the transition of many viruses from viral internalization to downstream intra...
From peptides to DNA: All required steps can be catalyzed
Ensuring information flow (heredity) and metabolic processes (catalysis) are two important prerequisites for early evolution. The widely accepted “RNA world” theory proposes that ancient RNAs ensured...
Mesophases as stepping stones to enhance crystallization kinetics in nanoparticle self-assembly
Manipulation of kinetic pathways is essential to self-assemble nanoparticle building blocks into complex ordered structures, as the emergence of intermediate metastable states could either facilitate...
Anomalous enhancement of thermal conduction across twisted van der Waals heterointerfaces
The advent of interlayer twist has introduced a groundbreaking paradigm, unveiling novel physical phenomena spanning from correlated insulating states to superconductivity. This unprecedented platform...
Cell fate acquisition at a de novo developmental boundary in the maize leaf
The formation of boundaries separating developmental fields with distinct gene expression and cell fate trajectories is a universal feature of noncolonial multicellular organisms. Developmental bounda...
Leveraging the kinetic isotope effect by compact H-bond motifs for electrochemical hydrogen isotope separation
Electrochemical hydrogen isotope separation has been constrained for decades by the similar energy barriers of the rate-determining O–H and O–D bond cleavage step in water isotopologues. Herein, we co...
Capturing ribosomal structures in cellular extracts with cryoPRISM: A purification-free cryoEM approach reveals novel structural states
Structural analyses of ribosomes by single particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) have traditionally relied on purified or reconstituted samples, with particles often trapped in desired state...
Sibling number and early interactions shape social competence for life
The social environment experienced during development plays a crucial role in shaping social competence—the ability to respond appropriately to social challenges. Sibling number and the social interac...
Neuronal TDP-43 regulates myelin formation via neurexin 1 mRNA stabilization
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) develop as spatial pathologies in which neurons and glial cells are interconnected. TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)...
Programmed meiotic errors facilitate dichotomous sperm production in the silkworm, <i>Bombyx mori</i>
The goal of meiosis is typically to produce haploid gametes (eggs or sperm). Failure to do so is catastrophic for fertility. However, Lepidopteran (moths and butterflies) males produce two sperm morph...
Geometrical preference of anchoring sites in the unicellular organism <i>Stentor coeruleus</i>
Organisms often inhabit environments comprising complex structures across various scales. Animals rely on visual information from surrounding geometrical structures for navigation. Even at the microsc...
Unraveling the maturation pathway of a eukaryotic virus through cryo-EM
Virus maturation is a fundamental biological process involving large-scale structural reorganizations that drive functional activation and lead to infectivity. Understanding the steps from the initial...
When alternative becomes essential: The role of mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
Complex I is known as the primary entry point for electrons within the mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS). However, the glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) shuttle, composed of cytosolic and mitocho...