Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Theory and observations of the interaction between magnetohydrodynamic waves and shocks
The interaction between interplanetary shocks or planetary bow shock and upstream magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) waves (hereafter referred to as wave–shock interactions) is of fundamental importance to pl...
Activation mechanism of small heat shock protein HSPB5 revealed by disease-associated mutants
Found from bacteria to humans, small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are the least understood protein chaperones. HSPB5 (or αB-crystallin) is among the most widely expressed of the 10 human sHSPs, includi...
Mutant <i>IDH1</i> cooperates with <i>NPM1c</i> or <i>FLT3</i> <sup>ITD</sup> to drive distinct myeloid diseases and molecular outcomes
In human acute myeloid leukemia (AML), mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 ( IDH1 ) often co-occur with NPM1 mutatio...
Controlling impact mitigation via Bouligand nanostructures
Critical to their survival, natural organisms have developed exoskeletons that can withstand and inflict damage over their lifetime. The Bouligand structure of the exoskeleton plays a key role in toug...
ICT usage increases workforce geographical diversity
The adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) by rural–urban migrants is reshaping job-search mobility, significantly shaping city-level workforce geographical diversity. This study p...
Sex-chromosome complement and Activin-A shape the therapeutic potential of TNFR2 activation in a model of MS and CNP
Tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2) activation is a promising-therapeutic strategy for autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic neuropathic pain (CNP). This study aimed to...
Hygrometrically controlled programmed cell death drives anther opening and pollen release
Anther dehiscence is the process that facilitates pollen release from mature anthers in flowering plants. Despite its crucial importance to reproduction, the underlying developmental mechanism and its...
An RNA-binding regulatory cascade controls the switch from proliferation to differentiation in the <i>Drosophila</i> male germ cell lineage
The switch from precursor cell proliferation to onset of differentiation in adult stem cell lineages must be carefully regulated to produce sufficient progeny to maintain and repair tissues, yet preve...
Myelin sheaths can act as compact temporary oxygen storage units as modeled by an electrical RC circuit model
Oxygen is crucial for mitochondrial energy production in neurons and is efficiently stored and transported within the hydrophobic core of phospholipid bilayers. Using a diffusive model derived from mo...
Molecular determinants of sialylated IgG anti-inflammatory activity
IgG antibodies are the basis for many successful therapeutics. A single, N-linked glycan is present on the Fc on all IgGs, and the composition of that glycan exerts marked influence over effector func...
Aversive societal conditions explain differences in “dark” personality across countries and US states
Humans differ in their levels of aversive (“dark”) personality traits such as egoism or psychopathy. Building upon theories suggesting that socioecological factors coshape the development of personali...
Modes of action of a small molecule antiviral compound targeting yellow fever virus NS4B protein
Yellow fever virus (YFV) replicates its RNA genome in membranous vesicles derived from the invagination of endoplasmic reticulum membranes, designated as replication organelles (ROs). Nonstructural pr...
Modeling the dynamics of aeolian meter-scale bedforms induced by bed heterogeneities
Desert surfaces are typically nonuniform, with individual sand dunes generally surrounded by gravel or nonerodible beds. Similarly, beaches vary in composition and moisture that enhances cohesion betw...
Correction for Ahituv et al., Starch-rich plant foods 780,000 y ago: Evidence from Acheulian percussive stone tools
Autocatalytic symmetry breaking and chiral amplification in a feedback network combining amino acid synthesis and ligation
A kinetic model coupling prebiotically plausible synthesis of enantioenriched proteinogenic amino acids with catalytic peptide ligation leads to an autocatalytic network that may exhibit symmetry brea...
Polaronic correlations from optimized ancilla wave functions for the Fermi–Hubbard model
We employ a family of ancilla qubit variational wave functions [Y.-H. Zhang and S. Sachdev, Phys. Rev. Res. 2 , 023172 (2020)] to describe t...
Most totally real fields do not have universal forms or the Northcott property
We show that, in the space of all totally real fields equipped with the constructible topology, the set of fields that admit a universal quadratic form, or have the Northcott property, is meager. The...
Phase separation of the oncogenic fusion protein EWS::FLI1 is modulated by its DNA-binding domain
Ewing sarcoma (EwS) is an aggressive cancer of bone and soft tissue that predominantly affects children and young adults. A chromosomal translocation joins the low-complexity domain (LCD) of the RNA-b...
Time-lagged recurrence: A data-driven method to estimate the predictability of dynamical systems
Nonlinear dynamical systems are ubiquitous in nature and they are hard to forecast. Not only they may be sensitive to small perturbations in their initial conditions, but they are often composed of pr...
MTA-cooperative PRMT5 inhibitors from cofactor-directed DNA-encoded library screens
Methylthioadenosine phosphorylase ( MTAP ) gene deletions are frequent in human cancers. Loss of MTAP leads to significa...
Arrestin recognizes GPCRs independently of the receptor state
Only two nonvisual arrestins recognize many hundreds of different, intracellularly phosphorylated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Due to the highly dynamic nature of GPCR•arrestin complexes, the...
Retraction for Austin et al., Death-receptor activation halts clathrin-dependent endocytosis
Molecular insights into human phosphatidylserine synthase 2 and its regulation of SREBP pathways
Homologous proteins share similar sequences, enabling them to work together in cells to support normal physiological functions. Phosphatidylserine synthases 1 and 2 (PSS1 and PSS2) are homologous enzy...
A founding father of neuroscience: Floyd E. Bloom, 1936–2025
Floyd E. Bloom, M.D. was a prominent leader and spokesperson for the neuroscience and broader scientific communities; sadly, Floyd passed away on January 8, 2025. His scientific contributions were foc...
UTX (KDM6A) promotes differentiation noncatalytically in somatic self-renewing epithelia
The X-linked histone demethylase, UTX ( KDM6A ), is a master regulator of gene enhancers, though its role in self-renewing epithelia like the skin is not well u...