Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Two exceptionally preserved biotas from North Dakota reveal cryptic Ordovician shelf ecologies
The Ordovician saw one of the greatest evolutionary radiations in the Earth’s history, precipitating the assembly of modern animal-dominated ecologies in the aftermath of the Cambrian Explosion. Howev...
Advancing stochastic 3-SAT solvers by dissipating oversatisfied constraints
We introduce and benchmark a stochastic local search heuristic for the Nondeterministic Polynomial Time (NP) complete satisfiability problem 3-SAT that drastically outperforms existing solvers in the...
mTORC1 regulates autophagosomal components recycling through SNX16 phosphorylation
During autophagy, the contents enclosed within autophagosomes are degraded, while the outer membrane components are recycled from autolysosomes by the recycler complex through the recently discovered...
Quantification of redox thermodynamics shifts within coacervates
Coacervates are suggested to be viable protoenzymes due to their propensity to act as catalytic microreactors for biochemical reactions. However, the mechanism by which they alter reaction thermodynam...
Neurodevelopmental disorder–linked Argonaute mutations permit delayed RISC formation and unusual shortening of miRNAs by 3′→5′ trimming
Mutations in Argonaute proteins (AGOs) cause Argonaute syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), yet the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. We determined cryo-electron microscopy (cr...
Digital tools for analyzing nondiffeomorphic shapes
The Euler Characteristic Transform (ECT) of Turner et al. provides a way to statistically analyze nondiffeomorphic shapes without relying on landmarks. In applications, this transform is typically app...
The Kinship Formula: Inferring the numbers of all kin from any structured population projection model
Structured population projection models are fundamental to many fields of science. They enable abundance forecasting for populations categorized by various traits such as age (for demography), patch (...
Therapeutic hypothermia reprograms nanocarrier protein corona via apolipoprotein C1 enrichment for precision cardiovascular therapy
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the primary cause of global mortality, face persistent therapeutic challenges due to poor drug targeting and systemic side effects. While innovative nanotherapeutic app...
A binary-distributed effector modulates fungal host preference for drosophilids by targeting a lineage-specific immune factor
Unlike host-specific parasites, broad-spectrum pathogens often exhibit an enigmatic strain/race-level preference for infecting particular host species over others. Here, we identify a polymorphic effe...
The function of Mak16 in ribosome biogenesis depends on its [4Fe-4S] cluster
Mak16 and its interacting partner Rpf1 play a critical role at an early step in the maturation of the ribosomal 60S subunit of eukaryotes, as revealed by cryoelectron microscopy structures. While thes...
Membrane-localized MET engages PVR to mediate extranuclear juvenile hormone signaling in <i>Aedes aegypti</i>
Although Methoprene-tolerant (MET) is well established as the intracellular receptor mediating the genomic actions of juvenile hormone (JH) in insects, the identity of the receptor responsible for ini...
Multiplexed and high-bandwidth DNA computing circuits with superresolution DNA origami displays
DNA computing circuits leverage molecular interactions to construct a highly parallel and biologically compatible information processing paradigm. However, their development has been constrained by a...
Circadian regulator REV-ERBα is a master regulator of tumor lineage plasticity and an effective therapeutic target
Epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulation plays a fundamental role in tumor lineage plasticity (LP). However, the underlying mechanisms, especially for the initial events of LP development, are sti...
The mechanism of pathogenic α <sub>1</sub> -antitrypsin aggregation in the human liver
Originating 2 to 3 millennia ago in a Scandinavian population, the SERPINA1 Z allele (Glu342Lys) is present in up to 2.5% of populations of Northern European descent and accounts for 95% of severe α...
Anthropocene genetic diversity loss in the marine tropics
Genetic diversity is a crucial component of biodiversity, and as such, its maintenance and preservation is of high conservation concern. Tropical environments are undergoing intense rates of environme...
How culturally wise psychological interventions can help reduce poverty
Poverty is characterized by multidimensional economic, social, and psychological constraints that undermine people’s agency to pursue new opportunities and shape their life outcomes. How can intervent...
Dissociation kinetics of G proteins from G protein–coupled receptors and effects of allosteric modulation
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest superfamily of human membrane proteins with >800 members, are primary targets for ~1/3 of all marketed drugs. Recent fluorescence experiments unders...
<i>Chlamydomonas</i> protein kinase MAK phosphorylates FAP256/CEP104 and regulates axonemal microtubule assembly
The formation of cilia involves the assembly of axonemal microtubules, the structural core of the organelle, from tubulins that are delivered by intraflagellar transport and diffusion. Whether and how...
Hydrodynamic flutter and free-surface breakup of a retracting elastic sheet
We study the hydrodynamic flutter and wrinkling of a retracting elastic sheet and the resulting interfacial flow phenomena. A simple experimental model is constructed in which the elastic sheet is ini...
MARK2 regulates C9orf72 repeat–associated non-AUG translation
Protein homeostasis is exquisitely regulated through processes involving protein synthesis essential for cellular health and disease prevention. Repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation at expanded...
Emergent neuronal mechanisms mediating covert attention in convolutional neural networks
Covert visual attention allows the brain to select different regions of the visual world without eye movements. Predictive cues of a target location orient covert attention and improve perceptual perf...
Inhibition of the inflammasome ameliorates orthologous polycystic kidney disease
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common genetic kidney disease. Limited treatment options lead to renal failure in the vast majority of affected individuals. Novel ther...
A cascade of structural rearrangements positions peptide release factor 2 for polypeptide hydrolysis on the ribosome
Peptide release factor 2 (RF2) catalyzes the release of the nascent polypeptide chain from the bacterial ribosomal complex during translation termination and a subset of ribosome rescue pathways. Desp...
Genome-wide strand-specific UV mutagenesis in <i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> </i> is directed by the Mfd translocase
Transcription-coupled repair in Escherichia coli which is mediated by the Mfd translocase is responsible for higher...
Structural dynamics and neural representation of wing deformation
Locomotor control is facilitated by mechanosensory inputs that report how the body interacts with a physical medium. Effective representation of compliant wing deformations is particularly challenging...