Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
<i>Salmonella</i> produces sulfide to compete with <i>Escherichia coli</i> in the gut lumen
Hydrogen sulfide production is a characteristic that distinguishes Salmonella serovars from closely related species, such as Escherichia col...
Posttranscriptional control of the B cell receptor by HuR is essential for innate B cell maintenance and function
Innate B-1 cells constitute a self-maintained layer of defense for early detection of bacteria, clearance of apoptotic cell debris, and removal of autoantigens driving autoimmunity. B-1 cells are orig...
Disentanglement of prosodic meaning: Toward a framework for the analysis of nonverbal information in speech
We propose a theoretical framework and a cost-effective automated method for the interpretation of prosodic messages (e.g., chunking of information, emphasis, conversation action, emotion). At the cor...
Urban water security and the historical pools of Jerusalem
Conflicting roles of cell geometry, microtubule deflection, and orientation-dependent dynamic instability in cortical array organization
The self-organization of cortical microtubule (MT) arrays within plant cells is an emergent phenomenon with important consequences for the synthesis of the cell wall, cell shape, and subsequently the...
Subtype-specific structural features of the hearing loss–associated human P2X2 receptor
The P2X2 receptor (P2X2R) is a slowly desensitizing adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-gated ion channel that is highly expressed in the cochlea. When mutated, the P2X2R exacerbates age- and noise-related h...
The <i>Arabidopsis</i> TIRome informs the design of artificial TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain proteins
The TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain is an ancient protein module that functions in immune and cell death responses across the Tree of Life. TIR domains encoded by plants and prokaryotes funct...
In vivo Pirt-Marina voltage sensor imaging detects primary sensory neuron–specific voltage dynamics and neuronal plasticity changes
In vivo voltage imaging is a powerful tool for monitoring action potentials and dynamic electrical events in heterogeneous sensory neurons enabling the deciphering of rapid somatosensory information p...
The coherence of US cities
Diversified economies are critical for cities to sustain their growth and development, but they are also costly because diversification often requires expanding a city’s capability base. We analyze ho...
3D pattern formation of a protein–membrane suspension
Many essential cellular processes, including cell division and the establishment of cell polarity during embryogenesis, are regulated by pattern-forming proteins. These proteins often need to bind to...
Structural basis for Rad54- and Hed1-mediated regulation of Rad51 during the transition from mitotic to meiotic recombination
Rad51 catalyzes the DNA pairing reactions that take place during homologous recombination (HR), and HR must be tightly regulated to ensure physiologically appropriate outcomes. Rad54 is an ATP-depende...
From simplicity to complexity: A path to innovation in science and art
Simple reductionist systems can serve as powerful catalysts for unlocking complex innovations in science and art. The evolution from simplicity to complexity is illustrated by the career journeys of t...
Toughness enhancement by massive dislocation absorption at the crack front
Low-cost yet high-performance structural materials have been invariantly sought for modern engineering applications. However, due to the localized stress concentration induced by a high Peierls-Nabarr...
Chelation-induced anti-Ostwald ripening: Ultrafine bismuth nanocrystals for ultrastable aqueous sodium storage
Aqueous sodium-ion batteries (ASIBs) are gaining attention for their inherent safety and the use of abundant sodium resources. Bismuth (Bi) anode, with its high theoretical capacity and low cost, enha...
Characterizing population-level changes in human behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States
The transmission of communicable diseases in human populations is known to be modulated by behavioral patterns. However, detailed characterizations of how population-level behaviors change over time d...
Learning stochastic processes with intrinsic noise from cross-sectional biological data
Inferring dynamical models from data continues to be a significant challenge in computational biology, especially given the stochastic nature of many biological processes. We explore a common scenario...
Cystic fibrosis: Correction of a fatal disease
The 2025 Lasker~DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been given to Michael Welsh, Jesús (Tito) González, and Paul Negulescu for their key roles in developing a novel treatment for cystic fibros...
Emergent depth-mechanosensing of epithelial collectives regulates cell clustering and dispersal on layered matrices
During wound healing, tumor growth, and organ formation, epithelial cells migrate and cluster in layered tissue environments. Although cellular mechanosensing of adhered extracellular matrices is now...
Structure of a polymorphic repeat at the <i>CACNA1C</i> schizophrenia locus
Genetic variation within intron 3 of the CACNA1C calcium channel gene is associated with schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders, but analysis of the...
The Lasker~Koshland Special Achievement Award in Medical Science awarded to Lucy Shapiro
Scientists can contribute to society in numerous ways. Some scientists discover new biological principles and found entirely new fields. Some scientists are inspiring mentors and create the next gener...
Extracellular salt bridge networks around S4 implicated in HCN channel gating and heart disease
The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel is a voltage-gated cation channel that plays a crucial role in regulating cellular excitability, especially in cardiac pacemaker c...
Directed evolution of a plant Rubisco chaperone with altered client recognition
Improving the Calvin–Benson–Bassham cycle enzyme Ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) has the potential to increase crop productivity. However, the selectivity of the chaperones m...
Adaptation of seed dormancy to maternal climate occurs via intergenerational transport of abscisic acid
How or whether organisms can inherit parental adaptations to the prevailing environment is a major topic in biology. In plants, seed traits such as size, yield, and dormancy are all affected by the en...
ApoD mediates age-associated increase in vulnerability to influenza virus infection
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection causes significantly greater morbidity and mortality in the elderly population, but the molecular mechanisms in the aging process responsible for severe infection rem...
Making sense of low-complexity domains: The 2025 Lasker Basic Science Award
Up to 10 to 20% of the proteome contains regions with much lower amino acid diversity than would be expected by chance. This year’s Lasker Basic Science Award is given to Steven McKnight and Dirk Görl...