CALHM5 deficiency alleviates aortic aneurysm by regulating smooth muscle calcium homeostasis

B Bo Yang T Ting Xu Q Qianqian Yang L Liangzhu Mo (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) J Jianyi Huo (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) T Taiyang Mu (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) Y Yating Zhi (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) Y Yun Du (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) H Haojie Wang (Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics) L Lingchuan Guo (Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University) Z Zhen Zhu (Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies) Y Yulong Feng (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) Y Yu Rui (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University) L Li Zhu W William A. Coetzee (Departments of Pathology, Neuroscience and Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Medicine, and New York University School of Medicine) Q Qinqin Gao (Institute for Fetology, Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University) H Hua-Qian Yang (Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University)

Abstract

Ion channels are the second most common clinical drug target besides G protein–coupled receptors. Aneurysmal diseases pose a significant threat to human life. Novel drug targets for its treatment remain to be explored. We investigated the role of an ion channel, calcium homeostasis modulators 5 (CALHM5), on the development of aortic aneurysms. We characterized CALHM5 as a plasma membrane ion channel abundant in smooth muscle cells of both humans and mice, playing a pivotal role in regulating calcium homeostasis. Notably, CALHM5 deficiency suppressed the transcription of the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) pore-forming subunit by downregulating cAMP-response element binding proteins. This in turn diminished blood vessel contractility and decreased blood flow. Intriguingly, CALHM5 expression is downregulated in smooth muscle tissues of aortic aneurysm patients. Furthermore, CALHM5 deficiency was observed to ameliorate the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice, partly by stimulating smooth muscle cell proliferation. CALHM5 emerges as an ion channel prominently expressed in arterial smooth muscles, serving as a physiological regulator of smooth muscle contraction and presenting itself as a promising therapeutic target for aortic aneurysms.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 13
Published March 31, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (17)

B

Bo Yang

T

Ting Xu

Q

Qianqian Yang

L

Liangzhu Mo

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

J

Jianyi Huo

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

T

Taiyang Mu

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

Y

Yating Zhi

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

Y

Yun Du

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

H

Haojie Wang

Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics

L

Lingchuan Guo

Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University

Z

Zhen Zhu

Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies

Y

Yulong Feng

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

Y

Yu Rui

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University

L

Li Zhu

W

William A. Coetzee

Departments of Pathology, Neuroscience and Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Medicine, and New York University School of Medicine

Q

Qinqin Gao

Institute for Fetology, Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University

H

Hua-Qian Yang

Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Medical College of Soochow University