Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Assessing cerebral capillary function and stalling using single capillary reporters in ultrasound localization microscopy
While transcranial neuroimaging of individual capillary function holds transformative potential for diagnostics, it has proven difficult to achieve. Superresolution ultrasound, while capable of achiev...
ACSS2 upregulation enhances neuronal resilience to aging and tau-associated neurodegeneration
Epigenetic mechanisms, including histone acetylation, regulate learning and memory and underlie Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia (ADRD). Acetyl-CoA synthetase 2 (ACSS2), an enzyme generating a...
Origin of class B J-domain proteins involved in amyloid transactions
J-domain protein (JDP) chaperones function widely in proteostasis. Notably, eukaryotic class B JDPs of the cytosol/nucleus prevent assembly or drive disassembly of amyloid aggregates known to cause ne...
<scp>ADAR-GPT</scp> : A continually fine-tuned language model for predicting A-to-I RNA editing sites
Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing by ADAR enzymes shapes transcript fate and underpins emerging RNA editing therapeutics, yet predicting which adenosines are edited remains difficult. We intro...
Supersaturation-engineered wafer-scale growth of anisotropic 2D organic crystals for uniform polarimetric sensing
Organic single crystals endowed with intrinsic anisotropy hold great promise for the realization of miniaturized, polarization-sensitive photodetectors. However, conventional dip-coating approaches st...
Phase-transition-like behaviors of sequence-selective dynamic bonds
Sequence-selective dynamic bonds (SSDBs) are ubiquitous in nature and man-made systems as diverse as DNA, proteins, and synthetic sequence-defined oligomers. The specific and dynamic nature of this cl...
Blood-borne sphingosine 1-phosphate maintains vascular resistance, blood pressure, and cardiac function in mice
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid that circulates in plasma bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and albumin. Circulating S1P levels correlate positively with systolic blood press...
Correction for Freitas et al., Impact of baleen whales on ocean primary production across space and time
Self-healing for the long haul: In situ automation delivers century-scale fracture recovery in structural composites
Nature’s structural composites, such as bone and wood, achieve mechanical performance through hierarchical multimaterial design. Though, their real vantage lies in the exceptional ability to repeatedl...
A pothole-filling strategy for selective targeting of rCUG-repeats associated with myotonic dystrophy type 1
We present an alternative approach to conventional small-molecule and antisense strategies for selectively targeting expanded CUG-RNA repeats associated with Myotonic Dystrophy type 1. Our alternative...
Distinct PlzC mechanisms integrate chemotaxis and c-di-GMP signaling to regulate <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> motility and biofilm formation
Bacterial motility and biofilm formation are essential for the adaptation and survival of Vibrio cholerae , the causative agent of cholera. In many bacterial sp...
Catalysts and inhibitors of critical transitions in ecological systems
Ecological systems can experience sudden and often irreversible regime shifts, also known as critical transitions, with major consequences such as desertification, locust outbreaks, and coral reef col...
Spatially resolved multiomics reveals the self-enforcing property of the leading-edge multicellular ecosystem of head and neck cancer
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) involves aggressive invasion at the tumor–host interface, particularly at the leading edge. However, the mechanisms sustaining this invasive front remain...
Mutation rate variability in viral populations: Implications for lethal mutagenesis
Lethal mutagenesis is a strategy to achieve viral extinction by drugging viral mutation rates beyond an extinction threshold. Accurate estimation of the extinction threshold is critical, as elevating...
Static and dynamic rough energy landscapes can lead to identical diffusivity
Molecules in dense environments, such as biological cells, are subjected to forces that fluctuate both in time and in space. While spatial fluctuations are captured by Lifson-Jackson-Zwanzig’s model o...
Engineered and decellularized human cartilage graft exhibits intrinsic immunosuppressive properties and full skeletal repair capacity
Tissue engineering strategies predominantly consist of the autologous generation of living substitutes capable of restoring damaged body parts. Persisting challenges with patient-specific approaches i...
A chemogenetic approach for temporal and cell-specific activation of endogenous GPCRs in vivo
Cell-specific regulation of endogenous G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) is crucial for understanding their roles in physiological processes. We present chemogenetic tools using shield-1-dependent i...
Mesoscale imaging of the human cerebellum reveals converging regional specialization of its morphology, vasculature, and cytoarchitecture
The human cerebellar cortex, despite containing the majority of the brain’s neurons, remains poorly characterized in vivo due to its extreme folding and thin laminar architecture. Here, we present a h...
Mechanisms of the viscosity decrease and increase of aqueous CsCl
Aqueous salt solutions occur in many aspects of chemistry, biology, and geology. Increasing the concentration of most aqueous salt solutions increases the viscosities. In contrast, adding CsCl to wate...
Correction for Srivastava et al., Emergent neuronal mechanisms mediating covert attention in convolutional neural networks
Erk5-mediated microglial ferroptosis drives ischemic white matter damage via the Nfatc4–Clptm1l axis
Ischemic white matter damage is a significant pathological feature of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, leading to cognitive impairments. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly under...
Biological causes and impacts of rugged tree landscapes in phylodynamic inference
Phylodynamic analysis has been instrumental in elucidating epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of pathogens. Bayesian phylodynamics integrates out phylogenetic uncertainty, which is typically su...
Highly sensitive chemiluminescence imaging of misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative models
Protein misfolding in the brain is a key pathological hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Optical imaging of misfolded proteins in disease models is essential for elucidating etiology and early di...
A self-wrapping, bioresorbable neural interface for wireless multimodal therapy of localized peripheral nerve injury
High-precision in vivo therapeutic technologies that establish three-dimensional (3D), multimodal neural interfaces with targeted biotissues offer significant clinical potential for the timely treatme...
Reactive oxygen species drove red lineage phytoplankton to displace green lineage phytoplankton during the Mesozoic
The great phytoplanktonic shift from green to red plastid lineage dominance in the early Mesozoic marks a primary producer revolution in marine ecosystems, facilitating the rise of modern ecosystems a...