Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Integrating extensive functional annotations and multiomics of cattle enhances climate resilience prediction and mapping
To understand the biological function of genomic regions, vast molecular data have been generated to annotate mammalian genomes. However, how to effectively use such extensive information to improve t...
Prebiotic organic compounds in samples of asteroid Bennu indicate heterogeneous aqueous alteration
NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission characterized the asteroid Bennu and delivered pristine samples of its regolith to Earth. Coordinated analyses of this primitive, carbonaceous material are elucidating the ab...
Invisible water in subducted crust: Lawsonite velocity anomalies under mantle conditions
Subduction zones transport significant amounts of water into Earth’s mantle, primarily through hydrous minerals such as lawsonite. However, the seismic detectability of lawsonite-bearing oceanic crust...
Competition–colonization trade-off can explain any observed abundances and assumed competitive hierarchies
The competition–colonization trade-off is a possible explanation for coexistence of species in a metacommunity context that has been intensively studied for decades. Nonetheless, questions about the u...
Ace2 safeguards embryonic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell production by restraining Nlrp3-mediated pyroptosis
During vertebrate embryogenesis, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) originate from hemogenic endothelium (HE) in the dorsal aorta through endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). Wh...
Correction for Ucla et al., Quantifying cell traction forces at the single-fiber scale in 3D: An approach based on deformable photopolymerized fiber arrays
Local equations describe unreasonably efficient stochastic algorithms in random K-SAT
Despite significant advances in characterizing the highly nonconvex landscapes of constraint satisfaction problems, the good performance of certain algorithms in solving hard combinatorial optimizatio...
Recovery of infectious recombinant human norovirus using zebrafish embryos
Human norovirus (HuNoV) is the leading cause of gastroenteritis. However, the lack of a reverse genetics system for infectious HuNoV has hindered the development of antivirals and vaccines. Herein, we...
Measuring the Young’s modulus of individual lithium whiskers
The primary challenge hindering widespread adoption of lithium (Li) anodes is the safety risks of short circuits owing to the penetration of Li whiskers, where their mechanical property plays a crucia...
Versatile NTP recognition and domain fusions expand the functional repertoire of the ParB-CTPase fold beyond chromosome segregation
Nucleotide triphosphate (NTP)-dependent molecular switches regulate essential cellular processes by cycling between active and inactive states through nucleotide binding and hydrolysis. These mechanis...
Deciphering guanidine assimilation and riboswitch-based gene regulation in cyanobacteria for synthetic biology applications
Guanidine is well known as a denaturing agent. However, recent studies have demonstrated both the widespread synthesis of guanidine, e.g., in plants and mammals, as well as the widespread occurrence o...
Structural modeling reveals the allosteric switch controlling the chitin utilization program of <i> <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> </i>
Signal transduction by histidine kinases (HKs) is nearly ubiquitous in bacterial species. HKs can either sense ligands directly or indirectly via a cognate solute-binding protein (SBP). The molecular...
Distinct transcription factor interactions drive HOXB13 activity in different stages of prostate cancer
HOXB13 is a lineage-specific transcription factor that plays a critical role in initiation and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). While most research has focused on the role of HOXB13 on androgen r...
A ferritin-like diiron oxygenase BioE initiates bacterial biotin synthesis, a promising antivirulence target
Biotin is an essential enzyme cofactor for intermediary metabolism, and its importance is reflected by the multiplicity of bacterial pathways to its universal precursor, pimelic acid. Here, we report...
The prion-like characteristic of ORF3 contributes to virion release and pathogenesis of hepatitis E virus
Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the causative agent of hepatitis E, is threatening public health globally. Due to the shortage of efficient in vitro cell culture systems and in vivo model, the viral replicat...
Prostaglandin E <sub>2</sub> -EP2/EP4 signaling induces the tumor-infiltrating Treg phenotype for tumor growth
Foxp3 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) heavily infiltrate malignant tumors and restrict antitumor immunity. These tumor-infiltrating Tregs (TI-Tregs) adopt a distin...
LHPP expression in triple-negative breast cancer promotes tumor growth and metastasis by modulating the tumor microenvironment
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic form of breast cancer that lacks an effective targeted therapy. To identify potential therapeutic targets, we investigated th...
Absence of higher than sixfold coordination in glassy GeO <sub>2</sub> up to 158 GPa revealed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy
Simple binary oxide glasses can exhibit a compression behavior distinct from that of their crystalline counterparts. In this study, we employed high-pressure X-ray absorption spectroscopy, coupled to...
Data-driven enhanced sampling of mechanistic pathways
The mechanisms of molecular processes can be characterized by following the minimum free energy pathway (MFEP) on the underlying multidimensional conformational landscapes. Despite recent advancements...
Distinguishing subtypes of endothelial cells in the mouse aorta
This study reanalyzed endothelial cell (EC) gene expression in the mouse aorta utilizing eight single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets. Contrary to the assumption that all ECs originated from the luminal...
Asparagine endopeptidase prompts breast cancer–related pericardial calcification by regulating IGF2 and integrin αvβ5
Cardiac calcification, often seen in age-related diseases, impairs heart function, yet its association with malignant tumors remains largely overlooked. Our study revealed that pericardial calcificati...
Carbonate burial regimes, the Meso-Cenozoic climate, and nannoplankton expansion
The long-term climate of Earth alternates between warmer and cooler periods, for which atmospheric CO 2 content is often viewed as a primary control. Although s...
Origin and adaptive evolutionary trajectory of the 3′ UTR–derived sRNA UhpU in Enterobacteriaceae
Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) derived from mRNA 3′ untranslated regions (3′ UTRs) have emerged as important regulators of gene expression, yet their evolutionary origins and functional diversification...
An IMPDH2 variant associated with neurodevelopmental disorder disrupts purine biosynthesis and somite organization
IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH) controls a key regulatory node in purine biosynthesis. Gain-of-function mutations in human IMPDH2 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and neuromuscular symptoms...
Widespread promiscuous alkaline phosphatases underscore ancient microbial phosphite utilization
Phosphate is often a limiting resource, directly affecting the availability of key biomolecules such as nucleotides. To cope with phosphate scarcity, bacteria have evolved enzymes that utilize alterna...