Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Monomers and short oligomers of human RAD52 promote single-strand annealing
Genome maintenance and stability rely on the repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Breaks can be repaired via the single-strand-annealing pathway mediated by the protein RAD52. RAD52 oligomerizes to rin...
DNA bending mediated by ORC is essential for replication licensing in budding yeast
In eukaryotes, the origin recognition complex (ORC) promotes the assembly of minichromosome maintenance 2 to 7 complexes into a head-to-head double hexamer at origin DNA in a process known as replicat...
MDA5 ISGylation is crucial for immune signaling to control viral replication and pathogenesis
The posttranslational modification (PTM) of innate immune sensor proteins by ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins is crucial for regulating antiviral host responses. The cytoplasmic dsRNA receptor mel...
Academic achievement helps coordination on mutually advantageous outcomes
This study examines the relationship between academic achievement and strategic ability to coordinate among middle school students. We designed an experimental framework using repeated asymmetric Batt...
Colony pattern multistability emerges from a bistable switch
Microbial colony development hinges upon a myriad of factors, including mechanical, biochemical, and environmental niches, which collectively shape spatial patterns governed by intricate gene regulato...
The histone variant H2A.W restricts heterochromatic crossovers in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Meiotic crossovers rearrange allele combinations and create offspring diversity. Crossovers occur nonrandomly along chromosomes, predominantly in distal euchromatin and less in pericentromeric heteroc...
Disease resistance is more costly at younger ages: An explanation for the maintenance of juvenile susceptibility in a wild plant
High juvenile susceptibility drives infectious disease epidemics across kingdoms, yet the evolutionary mechanisms that maintain this susceptibility are unclear. We tested the hypothesis that juvenile...
A disease-specific convergence of host and Epstein–Barr virus genetics in multiple sclerosis
Recent sero-epidemiological studies have strengthened the hypothesis that Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) may be a causal factor in multiple sclerosis (MS). Given the complexity of the EBV–host interaction,...
Transparency by Chinese cities reduces pollution violations and improves air quality
We provide national-scale experimental evidence from China showing that transparency by local governments improves the management of air pollution. Governments that perform better have more reasons to...
Breaking the mobility–stability dichotomy in organic semiconductors through adaptive surface doping
Organic semiconductors (OSCs) are pivotal for next-generation flexible electronics but are limited by an intrinsic trade-off between mobility and stability. We introduce adaptive surface doping (ASD),...
HEATR3 recognizes membrane rupture and facilitates xenophagy in response to <i>Salmonella</i> invasion
Bacterial invasion into the cytoplasm of epithelial cells triggers the activation of the cellular autophagic machinery as a defense mechanism, a process known as xenophagy. In this study, we identifie...
Unbalanced growth and land overvaluation
Historical trends suggest the decline in the importance of land as a production factor, as evidenced by the decline in the employment and gross domestic product (GDP) shares of land-intensive industri...
Critical dynamics predicts cognitive performance and provides a common framework for heterogeneous mechanisms impacting cognition
The brain criticality hypothesis postulates that brain dynamics are set at a phase transition where information processing is optimized. Long-range temporal correlations (TCs) characterizing the dissi...
Stability of the cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis is primarily determined by symbiont cell-cycle arrest
The cnidarian–dinoflagellate symbiosis relies on the regulation of resident symbiont populations to maintain biomass stability; however, the relative importance of host regulatory mechanisms [cell-cyc...
RPE-specific MCT2 expression promotes cone survival in models of retinitis pigmentosa
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is the most common cause of inherited retinal degeneration worldwide. It is characterized by the sequential death of rod and cone photoreceptors, the cells responsible for ni...
The cryo-EM structure and physical basis for anesthetic inhibition of the THIK1 K2P channel
THIK1 tandem pore domain (K2P) potassium channels regulate microglial surveillance of the central nervous system and responsiveness to inflammatory insults. With microglia recognized as critical to th...
An unusual potassium conductance protects <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> pharyngeal muscle rhythms against environmental noise
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans feeds by rhythmic contraction and relaxation of a neuromuscular organ called the pharynx, which draws in and filters water a...
Dual genetic tracing demonstrates the heterogeneous differentiation and function of neuromesodermal progenitors in vivo
In recent decades, the traditional paradigm of three distinct germ layers formed during gastrulation has been revised with the identification of neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs). These progenitors e...
The Hippo pathway and p27 <sup>Kip1</sup> cooperate to suppress mitotic regeneration in the organ of Corti and the retina
The mature mammalian auditory sensory organ, the organ of Corti (OC), lacks the capacity for regenerating hair cells, leading to permanent hearing impairment. In contrast, the vestibular system has a...
Searching permutations for constructing uniformly distributed point sets
Uniformly distributed point sets of low discrepancy are heavily used in experimental design and across a very wide range of applications such as numerical integration, computer graphics, and finance....
AcrIE7 inhibits the CRISPR-Cas system by directly binding to the R-loop single-stranded DNA
The CRISPR-Cas system is a well-known adaptive immune system in bacteria, and a prominent mechanism for evading this immunity involves anti-CRISPR (Acr) proteins, which employ various methods to neutr...
microRNA-218-5p coordinates scaling of excitatory and inhibitory synapses during homeostatic synaptic plasticity
Homeostatic synaptic plasticity (HSP) is a neuronal mechanism that allows networks to compensate for prolonged changes in activity by adjusting synaptic strength. This process is crucial for maintaini...
QnAs with Inara S. Tareque, Jorge Guzman, and Dan J. Wang
Allosterically switchable network orients <i>β</i> -flap in <i>Clostridioides difficile</i> toxins
Allosteric proteins exhibit a functional response upon ligand binding far from the active site. Clostridioides difficile toxins use allosteric binding by the en...
Structural switching dynamically controls the doubly pseudoknotted Rous sarcoma virus–programmed ribosomal frameshifting element
A hallmark of retrovirus replication is the translation of two different polyproteins from one RNA through programmed –1 frameshifting. This is a mechanism in which the actively translating ribosome i...