Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Correction for Mayo et al., Band asymmetry–driven nonreciprocal electronic transport in a helimagnetic semimetal α-EuP ₃

Correction for Patel et al., Aspirin binds to PPARα to stimulate hippocampal plasticity and protect memory

Correction for Liu et al., Cytoskeleton remodeling mediated by circRNA-YBX1 phase separation suppresses the metastasis of liver cancer

Correction for Ganley et al., Iron limitation triggers roseoceramide biosynthesis and membrane remodeling in marine roseobacter

Correction for Qian et al., Chemoptogenetic damage to mitochondria causes rapid telomere dysfunction

Correction for Manik et al., Structural basis for TIR domain–mediated innate immune signaling by Toll-like receptor adaptors TRIF and TRAM

Genetic ablation of the TET family in retinal progenitor cells impairs photoreceptor development and leads to blindness

The retina is responsible for converting light into electrical signals that, when transmitted to the brain, create the sensation of vision. The mammalian retina is epigenetically unique since the diff...

Atomic ionization: sd energy imbalance and Perdew–Zunger self-interaction correction energy penalty in 3d atoms

To accurately describe the energetics of transition metal systems, density functional approximations (DFAs) must provide a balanced description of s- and d- electrons. One measure of this is the sd tr...

Scaling language model size yields diminishing returns for single-message political persuasion

Large language models can now generate political messages as persuasive as those written by humans, raising concerns about how far this persuasiveness may continue to increase with model size. Here, w...

Visualizing agonist-induced M2 receptor activation regulated by aromatic ring dynamics

Despite the growing number of G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) structures being resolved, the dynamic process of how GPCRs transit from the inactive toward the active state remains unclear. In this s...

Bacterial estrogenesis without oxygen: Wood–Ljungdahl pathway likely contributed to the emergence of estrogens in the biosphere

Androgen and estrogen, key sex hormones, were long thought to be exclusively produced by vertebrates. The O 2 -dependent aromatase that converts androgen to est...

Candidate transmission survival genome of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a leading cause of death from infection, completes its life cycle entirely in humans except for transmission through the air. To begin to understa...

Structure of activity in multiregion recurrent neural networks

Neural circuits comprise multiple interconnected regions, each with complex dynamics. The interplay between local and global activity is thought to underlie computational flexibility, yet the structur...

Multilevel irreversibility reveals higher-order organization of nonequilibrium interactions in human brain dynamics

Information processing in the human brain can be modeled as a complex dynamical system operating out of equilibrium with multiple regions interacting nonlinearly. Yet, despite extensive study of the g...

Input-driven circuit reconfiguration in critical recurrent neural networks

Changing a circuit dynamically, without actually changing the hardware itself, is called reconfiguration, and is of great importance due to its manifold technological applications. Circuit reconfigura...

Evolution of the <i>JULGI–SMXL4/5</i> module for phloem development in angiosperms

Bifacial cambium, which produces xylem and phloem, and monopodial architecture, characterized by apical dominance and lateral branching from axillary buds, are key developmental features of seed plant...

State-dependent motion of a genetically encoded fluorescent biosensor

Genetically encoded biosensors can measure biochemical properties such as small-molecule concentrations with single-cell resolution, even in vivo. Despite their utility, these sensors are “black boxes...

<i>Dux</i> cluster duplication ensures full activation of totipotent genes

Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) confers to the mouse two-cell (2C) embryo a unique transcriptional profile characterized by transient up-regulation of many totipotency-related genes and...

Systematic identification of allosteric effectors in <i>Escherichia coli</i> metabolism

Recent physical binding screens suggest that protein–metabolite interactions are more extensive than previously recognized. To elucidate the functional relevance of these interactions, we developed a...

Molecular mechanism of Arp2/3 complex activation by nucleation-promoting factors and an actin monomer

Arp (actin-related protein) 2/3 complex nucleates actin filament branches on the sides of preexisting actin filaments during cell and organelle movements. We used computer simulations of mammalian Arp...

Evidence for a possible quantum effect on the formation of lithium-doped amorphous calcium phosphate from solution

Differential isotope effects are an emerging tool for discovering possible nontrivial quantum mechanical effects within biological systems. However, it is often nearly impossible to elucidate the exac...

Characterizing sliding and rolling contacts between single particles

Contacts between particles in dense, sheared suspensions are believed to underpin much of their rheology. Roughness and adhesion are known to constrain the relative motion of particles, and thus globa...

Structural basis for dimerization and activation of UvrD-family helicases

UvrD-family helicases are superfamily 1A motor proteins that function during DNA replication, recombination, repair, and transcription. UvrD family monomers translocate along single-stranded (ss) DNA...

Broken time-reversal symmetry in visual motion detection

Our intuition suggests that when a movie is played in reverse, our perception of motion at each location in the reversed movie will be perfectly inverted compared to the original. This intuition is al...

Cryo-EM meets crystallography: A model-independent view of the heteronuclear Mn ₄ Ca cluster structure of photosystem II

Photosynthesis converts solar energy to chemical energy by splitting water molecules and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and carbohydrates with an efficiency that engineers working on solar energy de...