Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Metallodielectric photonic glass paints enable hyperchromatic, angle-independent structural color across the full visible spectrum
Colloidal photonic glasses are attractive as dye-free, solution-processable pigments that show weak angle dependence, but their red hues are notoriously washed out, because single-particle Rayleigh/Mi...
The revised three-step detour pathway in dolichol biosynthesis is evolutionarily conserved in budding yeast
The identification of SRD5A3 , a causative gene for congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs), together with its yeast ortholog DFG10...
Projection-defined hypothalamic outputs differentially regulate thermogenesis and lipolysis
The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is a key regulator of energy homeostasis, linking central neural activity to peripheral metabolic function. Within the VMH, neurons expressing steroidogenic factor-...
CTCF directly binds G-quadruplex structures to regulate genome topology and gene expression
DNA G-quadruplexes (G4s) are non-B-form secondary DNA structures that are prevalent at key regulatory regions in mammalian genome and are highly conserved across evolution. However, the mechanisms by...
Neural representations of popularity and leadership status relate to conformity in daily life
Individuals are motivated to increase their social status. To succeed in this pursuit, people must track information about others in their social sphere, monitor group norms, and adjust their behavior...
Residual photoreceptors affect the response of a degenerate retina to electrical stimulation
Photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis can restore central vision in patients blinded by age-related macular degeneration with letter acuity matching its 100 µm pixel size. Improving resolution requires s...
Multiple defects in macrophage antibacterial responses support intracellular survival of <i> <i>Mycobacterium</i> abscessus </i> in cystic fibrosis
The prevalence of Mycobacterium abscessus (MABS) infections in people with cystic fibrosis (pw...
Long-term antibody dynamics challenge the paradigm of lifelong homotypic immunity to dengue virus
Immunity following infection with the four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1-4) remains difficult to define. Reports of individuals being reinfected with the same serotype challenge the paradigm that infe...
Lactylation of PD-L1 by a lactyltransferase HAT1 dictates its protein stability and tumor immune evasion
Lysine lactylation regulates protein fate and function across diverse biological processes. While PD-L1 has been widely studied posttranslationally, the role of its lactylation and the responsible enz...
Interfacial electric fields create hyperalkaline shells on fatty acid–coated microdroplet aerosols
Aerosol acidity (pH) is a fundamental property governing atmospheric multiphase chemistry, as it influences pollutant partitioning, secondary organic aerosol formation, and trace metal solubility. The...
Transition-state analysis of the arginine-specific human ADP-ribosyltransferase 1
The ADP-ribosylation of proteins is a versatile, reversible, posttranslational modification involved in the dynamic regulation of numerous cellular processes. Human ADP-ribosyltransferase 1 (...
Strain-induced deterministic moiré superlattices in 2D materials
Moiré superlattices in two-dimensional (2D) materials have been realized through lattice mismatch or rotational misalignment between atomic layers. Here, we extend moiré formation to heterostrain in t...
Phase-sensitive evidence for pair density waves in a kagome superconductor
Pair density wave (PDW) exhibits periodic amplitude and sign modulations of the superconducting order parameter. Such a pairing state has long been proposed to be highly sensitive to nonmagnetic scatt...
Ecology is not yet ready for AI—and why that matters
Plants tolerate substantial rates of plastid mistranslation via regulated proteostasis
In bacteria, protein mistranslation can improve stress tolerance. Mitochondria and plastids evolved from bacteria and use a prokaryotic-type expression machinery to synthesize proteins. Interestingly,...
Dynamic compression of whole-brain neural trajectories during human motor learning
Motor learning involves the dynamic reconfiguration of brain activity across widely distributed networks. Yet, the moment-to-moment evolution of the whole-brain functional states underpinning this pro...
NF1 and SPRED1/2 cooperate through RAS-MAPK-independent functions
Neurofibromin, the protein product of the neurofibromatosis type 1 ( NF1 ) gene, requires the direct binding interaction with SPRED to negatively regulate the R...
Force loading on molecular clutches governs the stability of cell lamellipodia
Cells use lamellipodia, thin actin-rich membrane protrusions, to probe the mechanical properties of their microenvironment. During mechanosensing, lamellipodia often exhibit dynamic instability in the...
An engineered closed-shell, two-component, 480-subunit nucleocapsid
Self-assembling protein cages are valuable nanoscale containers for biotechnology and medical applications. Two-component systems are especially attractive due to their potential for functional comple...
Flipping plankton
Sudden, global reversals in shell coiling direction are a striking and recurrent feature in the fossil record of planktonic foraminifera (marine zooplankton), yet their evolutionary significance has b...
Ultraslow conformational dynamics and catch bond formation of a bacterial adhesin revealed by a single-domain variant of FimH
Bacterial fimbrial adhesins such as FimH are critical for host colonization and persistence under the mechanical forces encountered at sites of infection such as the urinary tract. The molecular mecha...
Evolution induced state shifts in a long-term microbial community experiment
Biological communities are complex, dynamic systems that underpin ecosystem functionality, yet their long-term dynamics and predictability remain poorly understood. Understanding how Darwinian evoluti...
Tuning mitotic recombination with patterned DNA nicks for precision mosaic analysis
CRISPR/Cas9-based mosaic analysis is a powerful tool for in vivo genetics but is limited by cytotoxicity and mutagenesis associated with DNA double-strand breaks. Here, we establish Cas9-derived nicka...
Peer influence on West Point cadets’ Civil War allegiances
Do social networks and peer influence shape major life decisions in polarized settings? We explore this question by examining how peers influenced the allegiances of West Point cadets during the Ameri...
Early neural attunement to peer status predicts future social network position and popularity in adolescents
Popularity is a key marker of social status, yet the phenomena that support its emergence within newly forming social groups remain unclear. We combined functional neuroimaging and longitudinal school...