Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Single-cell atlas of the mouse ovary reveals molecular drivers of aging and senescence during the estropausal transition
Reproductive aging in mice leads to estropause, characterized by estrous cycle irregularity and eventual cessation, yet its underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present a comprehensive singl...
Cryo-EM reveals that <i>Escherichia coli</i> tRNA-transglycosylase can bind and act upon two tRNAs
Bacterial tRNA-guanine transglycosylases (TGT) are essential enzymes involved in tRNA modification, contributing to the virulence of multiple pathogens. TGT from...
The circadian clock controls hepatic stellate cell activation via a BMAL1/CK1ε/REV-ERBα/transgelin signaling pathway
Liver fibrosis is a progressive and life-threatening condition with no effective targeted treatments. Growing evidence indicates a two-way relationship between circadian rhythm and fibrogenesis, altho...
Observed rapid adjustment of the atmospheric boundary layer to submesoscale sea surface temperature fronts
Current understanding of the role of ocean variability in air–sea exchange is constrained to large and mesoscale dynamics. Oceanic fronts and filaments with horizontal spatial scales of order 0.1 to 1...
The ARHGAP32 isoform PX-RICS is specifically targeted to inhibitory synapses by binding to gephyrin
Precise regulation of excitatory–inhibitory balance is critical for neural circuit function, and its disruption underlies neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilep...
H <sub>2</sub> S-mediated protein persulfidation regulates redox metabolic flux underlying salt-stress resilience in rice
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) functions as a gaseous signaling molecule in plant stress responses through the persulfidation of protein cysteine (Cys) residues. A co...
Children’s books about scientists convey demotivating messages
Biographies of scientists are widely used to spark children’s interest and broaden participation in science. In telling the stories of successful scientists, these books convey implicit “recipes for s...
ZNF263–NuRD-mediated repression of STAT1 curtails MHC-I antigen presentation and IFN-γ efficacy in prostate cancer
Loss of major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa) immune evasion and immunotherapy failure. Here, we identify ZNF263 as a transcriptional repressor that silences...
A minimal wake–vortex model explains formation flight of flapping birds
Collective patterns of motion emerge across biological taxa: insects swarm, fish school, and birds flock. In particular, many large migratory bird species form distinctly ordered V-shaped formations,...
Light- and temperature-sensitive seizures are regulated by spatially distinct cortex glial populations in the central nervous system
Epilepsy is characterized by recurrent seizures due to abnormal neuronal activity originating from a population of neurons. Seizures are often associated with abnormal glial cell function at the seizu...
Correction for Kuyyamudi et al., Heterotypic intercellular adhesion tunes efficiency of cell-on-cell migration
Integrated thermal and phytoremediation of agricultural soils impacted by PFAS
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent synthetic compounds that have contaminated millions of hectares of agricultural land through decades of biosolids application. Conventional re...
Conservation of a lateralized visuomotor axis in hawkmoth proboscis probing
Lateralization of behavior, including motor control and sensory processing, is widespread across bilaterians. In visually guided tasks it often manifests as an axis aligning eye, appendage, and a targ...
HSP90α lactylation orchestrates PGC1α and LRPGC1 nuclear translocation driving mitochondrial biogenesis
Mitochondrial biogenesis is a fundamental process that ensures energy supply and supports steroidogenesis in ovarian cells. Lactate has recently been identified as a signaling metabolite that promotes...
Radial gradient of superionic hydrogen in the Earth’s inner core
Hydrogen is considered a key light element in Earth’s core, yet the thermodynamics of its superionic phase and its distribution in the inner core remain unclear. Here, we compute ab initio Gibbs free...
FGFR2 is an oncogenic driver critical for successful human gammaherpesvirus latent infection and oncogenesis
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus (KSHV) drive multiple aggressive lymphomas, yet effective targeted therapies for these virus-associated malignancies remain limited...
Excitonic energy transfer in red algal Photosystem I reveals an evolutionary bridge between cyanobacteria and plants
Photosystem I (PSI) converts light into chemical energy with near-unity quantum efficiency, yet its energy-transfer and charge-separation mechanisms remain debated. Evolution has diversified PSI archi...
The unique Efg1 fungal virulence regulon in the catheterized bladder environment
Urinary catheterization, a frequent procedure in hospitals, nursing homes, and other healthcare facilities, is a primary driver of nosocomial infections. The most common of these are catheter-associat...
Statutory construction and interpretation for AI
AI systems are increasingly governed by natural language rules, yet a key challenge arising from reliance on language remains underexplored: interpretive ambiguity. As in legal systems, ambiguity aris...
Glucocorticoid receptors in oligodendrocyte precursor cells regulate hippocampal network plasticity and stress-induced behavior in mice
Glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) are key mediators of how the stress hormone glucocorticoids (GCs) shape postnatal brain development and adaptive plasticity. Because GC signaling is critical during this...
Identification of a conserved gene family with an essential role in <i>Leishmania</i> parasite–insect vector adhesion
Adhesion to tissues and surfaces is used by pathogens to avoid clearance, maintain infections, and facilitate transmission. An important example is the adhesion of the Leishmania...
Correction for Fassl et al., Regulation of the immune CD155–CD226–TIGIT axis by cyclin D-CDK4/6
A dual self-regulatory platform for programmable biosynthesis of L-lysine-derived alkaloids
L-lysine-derived alkaloids represent a structurally diverse and pharmacologically significant class of nitrogen-containing natural products with broad utility as pharmaceutical agents and industrial p...
Continuity and change in US legal tradition: Evidence from judicial citation communities
Legal doctrine is often described as evolving case by case while preserving coherent legal traditions. We introduce a method for identifying and tracing such traditions by applying the Louvain communi...
When children shape their families: Evocative effects analysis of 40,000 trios from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
Family demographic behavior is often studied as a response to structural conditions or parental characteristics, yet children may themselves shape key family trajectories through evocative gene–enviro...