The circadian clock controls hepatic stellate cell activation via a BMAL1/CK1ε/REV-ERBα/transgelin signaling pathway

M Manuel Johanns A Alexandre Berthier (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) J Jimmy Vandel (US 41-Unité d‘Appui et de Recherche 2014-Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie et Santé Bilille, CNRS, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille) S Sandra Courquet (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) M Marie Lapage (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) J Julie Dubois-Chevalier (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) M Manjula Vinod (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) N Ninon Very (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) F Francesco Paolo Zummo (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) M Marie Bobowski-Gérard (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) G Georgiana Toma (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) C Céline Gheeraert (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) D Didier Vertommen G Gaëtan Herinckx V Violeta Raverdy (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) F François Pattou (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) B Bart Staels (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) J Jérôme Eeckhoute (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille) P Philippe Lefebvre (Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille)

Abstract

Liver fibrosis is a progressive and life-threatening condition with no effective targeted treatments. Growing evidence indicates a two-way relationship between circadian rhythm and fibrogenesis, although the specific molecular signaling pathways involved are still not well understood. The molecular clock, which governs circadian rhythms, regulates metabolic and cellular functions, and its pharmacological manipulation has shown potential as a therapy for organ fibrosis. Although the liver’s molecular clock appeared resilient to the progression of chronic liver disease in humans from steatosis to fibrosis, detectable changes in the daily amplitude of clock genes were observed in a cohort of people living with obesity. We found a clock-controlled signaling pathway that drives hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, a key initiating event in fibrosis progression. Interfering with this pathway, either by disrupting the core regulator CLOCK:BMAL1 or activating the nuclear receptors REV-ERBs, significantly reduced HSC activation. We also identified transgelin as the downstream effector of clock-regulated HSC contractility, a characteristic of HSC activation. Transgelin is regulated indirectly by a BMAL1-CK1ε signaling pathway and directly by REV-ERBα. Our findings identify a hitherto undescribed mechanism that links the molecular clock to HSC activation and cell contractile function, which is relevant to human fibrotic diseases. This pathway provides several entry points for drugs to target and disrupt primary fibrogenic signaling. By connecting clock biology to the cellular processes that cause fibrosis, our work also offers a mechanistic basis for chronotherapeutic strategies against chronic liver disease.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 123, Issue 30
Published July 28, 2026
ISSN 0027-8424
Publisher National Academy of Sciences

Authors (19)

M

Manuel Johanns

A

Alexandre Berthier

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

J

Jimmy Vandel

US 41-Unité d‘Appui et de Recherche 2014-Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie et Santé Bilille, CNRS, Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Université de Lille

S

Sandra Courquet

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

M

Marie Lapage

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

J

Julie Dubois-Chevalier

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

M

Manjula Vinod

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

N

Ninon Very

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

F

Francesco Paolo Zummo

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

M

Marie Bobowski-Gérard

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

G

Georgiana Toma

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

C

Céline Gheeraert

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

D

Didier Vertommen

G

Gaëtan Herinckx

V

Violeta Raverdy

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

F

François Pattou

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1190-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

B

Bart Staels

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

J

Jérôme Eeckhoute

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille

P

Philippe Lefebvre

Inserm, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR1011-European Genomic Institute for Diabetes, Université de Lille