Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Intermediate light adaptation induces oscillatory phototaxis switching and pattern formation in <i>Chlamydomonas</i>
Biological microswimmers exhibit intricate taxis behaviors in response to environmental stimuli and swim in complex trajectories to navigate their environment. How microswimmers respond to stimulus in...
Pathogenic variants in the polycystin pore helix cause distinct forms of channel dysfunction
PKD2 is a member of the polycystin subfamily of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channel subunits which traffic and function in primary cilia organelle membranes. Millions of individuals carry p...
Defining CDK12 as a tumor suppressor and therapeutic target in mouse models of tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma
Ovarian cancer is the sixth leading cause of cancer death among American women, with most fatalities attributable to tubo-ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC). This malignancy usually develops r...
Sensitivity of mass-independent Sn isotope fractionation to UV radiation and magnetic fields
Mass-independent isotope fractionation (MIF) enables powerful geochemical tracers for various geological and planetary problems, yet the mechanisms driving MIF for tin (Sn) remain ambiguous. Here, we...
Local and distal changes in dynamics are caused by an L205R Cushing’s syndrome mutant in PRKACA
Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is an abnormal condition characterized by elevated cortisol levels, often resulting from genetic alterations in the PRKACA gene, which e...
Macroevolutionary analysis of polysynthesis shows that language complexity is more likely to evolve in small, isolated populations
Evolution of complexity in human languages has been vigorously debated, including the proposal that complexity can build in small, isolated populations but is often lost in situations of language cont...
Representation of locomotive action affordances in human behavior, brains, and deep neural networks
To decide how to move around the world, we must determine which locomotive actions (e.g., walking, swimming, or climbing) are afforded by the immediate visual environment. The neural basis of our abil...
Improving polygenic prediction from whole-genome sequencing data by leveraging predicted epigenomic features
Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are essential tools for estimating individual susceptibility to complex diseases by aggregating the effects of many genetic variants. With the advent of whole-genome sequen...
Generative prediction of causal gene sets responsible for complex traits
The relationship between genotype and phenotype remains an outstanding question for organism-level traits because these traits are generally complex . The chall...
Synthetic models of the nitrogenase FeMo cofactor
The FeMo cofactor (FeMoco), the key active site in the Mo-based nitrogenase, is one of the most complicated metalloenzyme molecules. Synthesis of the FeMoco model cluster ([MoFe 7...
Comparative evaluation of behavioral epidemic models using COVID-19 data
Characterizing the feedback linking human behavior and the transmission of infectious diseases (i.e., behavioral changes) remains a significant challenge in computational and mathematical epidemiology...
Biparental inheritance of germline-specific chromosomes in the sea lamprey and their roles in oocytes
Many eukaryotic species undergo programmed elimination of specific chromosomes during embryogenesis, typically retaining these chromosomes only in their germ cells. In some species, programmatic elimi...
Whole-genome duplication leads to significant but inconsistent changes in climatic niche
Polyploidization (whole-genome duplication, WGD) is a widespread large-effect macromutation with far-reaching genomic, phenotypic, and evolutionary consequences. Yet, we do not know whether the consis...
SARS-CoV-2 nsp15 enhances viral virulence by subverting host antiviral defenses
SARS-CoV-2 encodes numerous virulence factors, yet their precise mechanisms of action remain unknown. We provide evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural protein 15 (nsp15) enhances viral virulence...
<i>Hamiltonella</i> symbionts benefit whitefly fertilization by regulating the maternal protein Tudor–mediated piRNA pathway
Although it is widely recognized that nutritional symbionts can manipulate host reproduction, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are largely unclear. The facultative symbiont...
QnAs with David B. Lobell
Acquired resistance to immunotherapy by physical barriers with cancer cell–expressing collagens in non–small cell lung cancer
Immunotherapy has become the standard treatment for many types of cancers, but an increasing number of patients who initially respond to these treatments develop acquired immunotherapy resistance (AIR...
Mycobacteriophage-mediated gene transfer enables in vitro drug screening and in vivo tracking of <i>Mycobacterium leprae</i>
Mycobacterium leprae , the causative agent of leprosy, has never been cultured in vitro, posing significant challenges for genetic manipulation and drug discovery. Current antilepr...
Evolution of gene order in prokaryotes is driven primarily by gene gain and loss
Evolution of bacterial and archaeal genomes is highly dynamic, including extensive gene gain via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and gene loss as well as different types of genome rearrangements, such...
Dismantling EPA’s research office jeopardizes environmental safety, public health, and US competitiveness
Disruption of constitutive CXCR4 oligomers impairs oncogenic properties in lymphoid neoplasms
The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is overexpressed in many cancers and contributes to pathogenesis, disease progression, and resistance to therapies. CXCR4 is known to form oligomers, but the potential fun...
Reproductive state controls transcription in the murine liver, with implications for breast cancer liver metastasis
Liver biology is functionally linked to lactation, as liver size and metabolic output increase during lactation to support synthesis of breast milk. Upon weaning, the rodent liver returns to baseline...
A plant Lysin Motif Receptor-Like Kinase plays an ancestral function in mycorrhiza
Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) with soilborne Glomeromycota fungi was pivotal in the conquest of land by plants almost half a billion years ago. In flowering plants, it is hypothesized that AM is initiate...
Order induces toughness in anisotropic colloidal crystal composites
Spatial ordering of matter elicits exotic properties sometimes absent from a material’s constituents. A few highly mineralized natural materials achieve high toughness through delocalized damage, wher...
Keratinocyte–TRPV1 sensory neuron interactions in a genetically controllable mouse model of chronic neuropathic itch
Our understanding of neural circuits that respond to skin dysfunction, triggering itch, and pathophysiological scratching remains incomplete. Here, we describe a profound chronic itch phenotype in tra...