Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
A CHKA–PML autophagy checkpoint enables tumors to evade glutamine starvation
Glutamine metabolism is essential for tumor cell proliferation and biosynthesis. However, solid tumors often face chronic glutamine deprivation, and the underlying adaptive mechanisms remain incomplet...
Tim-3-targeted vaccines overcome tumor immunosuppression and reduce cDC1 dependence to elicit potent anti-tumor immunity
Conventional type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) are specialized for cross-presenting tumor antigens and determining the efficacy of immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell...
Regulation of the immune CD155–CD226–TIGIT axis by cyclin D-CDK4/6
Cyclin D-CDK4/6 is a component of mammalian cell-cycle machinery that drives cell proliferation. Small-molecule inhibitors of CDK4/6 have been approved for treatment of breast cancer patients. In addi...
Correction for Allcott et al., The effects of Facebook and Instagram on the 2020 election: A deactivation experiment
Deep critical zone controls on shallow landslides
The deep critical zone (CZ) has long been recognized for its importance in influencing shallow landslides but was not considered feasible to include in slope stability models at the watershed scale. H...
Boosting crops’ natural capabilities could help feed a warming world
Intrinsic period stability of the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator across in vitro and in vivo conditions
A defining feature of circadian clocks that enables adaptation to Earth’s rotation is their ability to sustain an approximately 24 h period with precision, regardless of environmental factors such as...
Targeted NMR signal enhancement of RNA by site-directed bis-nitroxide labeling
MicroRNAs regulate gene expression through sequence-specific interactions with target messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and their misregulation is a hallmark of cancer. MicroRNA-34a (miR-34a), a key modulator o...
Imported, not invented, genes prevail among <i> <i>Escherichia coli</i> </i> ORFans
Bacterial genomes contain numerous ORFans—genes lacking homologs outside the species in which they are found. The source of these genes remains enigmatic because the major mechanism by which new genes...
The conserved fibroblast growth factor receptor–based signaling is required for dendrite regeneration
Both axons and dendrites of a neuron are susceptible to physical insults during stroke and trauma. Unlike axon regeneration, the mechanisms of dendrite regeneration remain largely elusive. In this stu...
C4b-binding protein as an antigenic target in the pathogenesis of antiphosphatidylethanolamine autoantibodies
Autoantibodies against phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a major phospholipid in cell membranes, are associated with symptoms of thrombosis and obstetric complications. A growing body of evidence indicat...
Nonmonotonic rate-dependent adhesion of hydrogels
Hydrogel adhesion underlies a wide range of biological and engineering functions, yet its rate dependence remains poorly understood. Classical adhesive systems exhibit a monotonic increase in adhesion...
Bioinspired periodic mesoporous tin oxides enable steady nonequilibrium chemical sensing for enhanced gas discrimination
Periodic porous structures with interconnected pore channels and high specific surface area are widely spread in natural world. These structures guarantee rapid mass transportation and efficient bioch...
Endocrine gland growth as the developmental switch for insect diapause
Many animals rely on diapause to survive unfavorable seasons, but how environmental cues are transduced into endocrine changes remains poorly understood. In insects, reproductive diapause is triggered...
m6A epigenetic modification of viral RNA is critical for the transmission cycle of mosquito-borne flaviviruses
Arboviruses maintain alternative transmission routes between arthropods and vertebrates through precise dual-host adaptation of their viral genome. However, how epigenetic modifications impact flavivi...
Unveiling the sensitivity and significance of the Ni oxidation state for alkaline hydrogen oxidation electrocatalysis
The development of nonprecious-metal-based hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) electrocatalysts remains as the bottleneck for achieving high-performance, platinum group metal-free (PGM-free) alkaline/an...
The radical SAM enzyme EpeE exhibits distinct site reactivity during the biosynthesis of the RiPP natural product epipeptide
Radical S -adenosyl- l -methionine (SAM) enzymes figure prominently in the formation of ribosomally synthesized and post...
Species-specific roles of SP1 in bovine and human embryonic genome activation and early embryonic development
Embryonic genome activation (EGA) marks the onset of the embryonic program and enables the transition toward the first lineage specification. However, the molecular features of EGA and the transcripti...
Fetal developmental trajectories following maternal immune activation are shaped by sex chromosome–gonadal interactions
Maternal immune activation (MIA) contributes to neurodevelopmental disorders with male-biased prevalence. To disentangle the contributions of sex chromosomes (XX vs. XY) and gonads (ovaries vs. testes...
Mild SARS-CoV-2 maternal infection in mice induces transient offspring neurodevelopmental aberrance
Maternal viral infection during pregnancy has been identified as a risk factor for psychiatric disorders and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in offspring. With cumulative SARS-CoV-2 infections now nu...
Sleep alters neurovascular and hydrodynamic coupling in the human brain
Sleep is essential for maintaining brain tissue homeostasis, which is facilitated by enhanced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) solute transport. Infraslow (<0.1 Hz) vasomotion, CSF flow, and electrophysio...
Catabolism of serine enantiomers represses enterohemorrhagic <i>Escherichia coli</i> virulence factors via modulation of the nitrogen stress response
Attaching and effacing pathogens, including enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), colonize their preferred intestinal niche by sensing diverse host-, diet-...
<i>N</i> -glucosylation of indole-3-acetyl amino acids modulates auxin metabolism and growth traits in <i>Oryza sativa</i>
Dynamic regulation of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid; IAA) levels is crucial for proper plant growth and development and is finely regulated through biosynthesis, transport, metabolic inactivation, and s...
The SMARCA4–TMEM47 axis plays an essential role in chikungunya virus RNA replication
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) poses an ongoing threat to global public health. Here, we identified the cBAF complex core ATPase subunit SMARCA4 as a host factor for CHIKV. SMARCA4 acts as a chromatin remo...
Selective fluorination of Fc glycans enhances antibody-mediated effector functions
Antibody effector functions such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and various complement-dependent activities are critically influenced by the structure and composition of Fc N-glyca...