Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Receptive fields from single-neuron recording and MRI reveal similar information coding for binocular depth
The population receptive field (pRF) approach to functional measurement of the sensory properties of magnetic resonance (MR)-identified locations in the human brain was extended to include the third d...
The RANK/RANKL axis controls vascular dynamics in the bone marrow
Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) is an essential cytokine that induces osteoclastic differentiation by monocyte-macrophage lineage precursors. Here, we showed that in additi...
Controlling intracellular processing to enhance spherical nucleic acid immune stimulation
To mount a robust and durable immune response, the antigen in a vaccine must be processed efficiently in the appropriate intracellular compartment. Here, we report an approach for optimizing the antig...
Restoration of cGAS in cancer cells promotes antitumor immunity via transfer of cancer cell–generated cGAMP
Cancer cells comprise a significant proportion of the tumor microenvironment (TME) and often have compromised expression or repression of cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), which prevents effecti...
A multivalent nanobody–drug conjugate to prevent and treat influenza virus infections
We describe the production and use of nanobody drug conjugates that comprise of VHH kappa , a nanobody that recognizes mouse immunoglobulin kappa light chains,...
Structural immunotherapy: Harnessing chemical design to build powerful next-generation therapeutics
Structural immunotherapy relies on the structural features of immunotherapeutics in addition to component identity to influence biodistribution, intra- or extracellular localization, target engagement...
When islands collide: Divergence predicts outcomes of secondary contact during the fusion of Sulawesi’s paleo-archipelago
Speciation often results from the accumulation of reproductive isolation associated with lineage divergence, but secondary contact between diverged lineages can reshape the trajectory of speciation an...
A new late Neanderthal from Crimea reveals long-distance connections across Eurasia
The Crimean Peninsula contains several important Middle and Upper Paleolithic sites, including Starosele, Kabazi II, and Siuren I. The region has been considered a potential refugium for Neanderthals...
Creating a large designer cellulosome in yeast to boost ethanol production
Cellulosic biomass represents a promising feedstock for biofuel and biochemical production. However, its recalcitrant structure strongly hinders enzymatic degradation. Cellulosomes are large multienzy...
MDFIC2 is a PIEZO channel modulator that can alleviate mechanical allodynia associated with neuropathic pain
PIEZO channels are mechanical force sensors involved in various biological processes, including somatosensation. To date, only a few PIEZO-binding partners have been identified, including MyoD-family...
GH25 lysozyme mediates tripartite interkingdom interactions and microbial competition on the plant leaf surface
Microbial communities inhabiting plants have emerged as crucial factors in regulating plant health and defense against disease-causing pathogens. The yeast Moesziomyces bullatus...
Symmetry transitions beyond the nanoscale in pressurized silica glass
Silica is the paradigmatic network glass-former and understanding its response to pressure is essential for comprehending the mechanical properties of silica-based materials and the behavior of silica...
Long-chain unsaturated free fatty acids control gut motility via nitrergic ganglia of the enteric nervous system
Although mechanical tension from luminal distension is a primary regulator of gut motility, we reveal a parallel chemosensory pathway wherein long-chain unsaturated free fatty acids (LUFFAs) from diet...
Stability through plasticity: Finding robust memories through representational drift
Memories are believed to be stored in synapses and retrieved by reactivating neural ensembles. Learning alters synaptic weights, which can interfere with previously stored memories that share the same...
Quantum higher-order Fourier analysis and the Clifford hierarchy
We propose a mathematical framework that we call quantum, higher-order Fourier analysis. This generalizes the classical theory of higher-order Fourier analysis, which led to many recent advances in nu...
Suppression of pair beam instabilities in a laboratory analogue of blazar pair cascades
The generation of dense electron–positron pair beams in the laboratory can enable direct tests of theoretical models of γ -ray bursts and active galactic nuclei...
Chemical compensation to mechanical loss in cell mechanosensation
Mammalian cells sense and respond to environmental changes using a complex and intelligent system that integrates chemical and mechanical signals. The transduction of mechanical cues into chemical cha...
Dynamic changes of dopamine neuron activity and plasticity at different stages of negative reinforcement learning
Research indicates that midbrain dopaminergic neurons encode reward prediction error (RPE) signals involved in positive reinforcement learning. However, studies on dopamine’s role in negative reinforc...
Correction for Hvid et al., Relationship dynamics and behavioral adaptations in the control of the 2022 mpox epidemic
Correction for Reva et al., Higher-order interactions in neuronal function: From genes to ionic currents in biophysical models
Neuronal normalization in monkey MT is an intensity-weighted average
Normalization is a fundamental and ubiquitous neuronal computation that stabilizes activity across populations of neurons and preserves stimulus selectivity. While it is observed throughout the visual...
HIV-1 Vif and Vpr cooperatively modulate the cell cycle to maximize per-cell virion production
The HIV type 1 (HIV-1) accessory proteins Virion Infectivity Factor (Vif) and Viral Protein R (Vpr) are essential for efficient virus replication in vivo. Vif mediates degradation of host restriction...
Unveiling FERONIA receptor kinase–mediated cellular mechanisms with a small-molecule inhibitor
Since its initial identification as the receptor for Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), FERONIA (FER) receptor kinase has emerged as a central signaling hub coordinating plant development, stress...
An ADAR2-mimic base editor for efficient C-to-U RNA editing in vivo
RNA base editing has the capability to rewrite genetic codes while offering improved safety due to its reversibility and temporal-spatial tunability. The development of cytosine-to-uridine editors fac...
Methanogenic archaea encoding Pyrrolysine maintain ambiguous amber codon usage
Natural genetic code expansion is a phenomenon wherein an additional amino acid is encoded by a stop codon. These nonstandard amino acids are beneficial as they facilitate novel biochemical reactions....