Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
TRIM21enhances IL-17A signaling and drives autoimmune myocarditis by promoting TRAF3 lysosomaldegradation in cardiac fibroblasts
Myocarditis is a potentially fatal disease that can progress to inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi), a condition that is a leading cause of noncongenital heart failure in young adults. However,...
Sensory integration, temporal prediction, and rule discovery reflect interdependent inference processes
Deciphering the structure of variable sensory input is key to building an accurate model of one’s environment. Humans can accumulate evidence from sequences of stimuli to estimate their sensory statis...
Single-cell transcriptomics of the <i>Drosophila</i> ring gland identifies the SoxN–Vvl complex as a key regulator of juvenile hormone biosynthesis
Juvenile hormone (JH) is essential for maintaining juvenile status and promoting reproduction in insects, yet the transcriptional regulation of JH biosynthesis remains poorly understood. Previous tran...
A method to study and enhance the energy efficiency of soft electrostatic actuators
Actuators drive robotic motion, and their energy conversion efficiency is a key performance metric that informs power consumption. Soft electrostatic actuators promise new opportunities for bioinspire...
Evolutionary bioenergetics of sporulation
Energy is required for the expression and maintenance of complex traits. In many habitats, however, free energy available to support biosynthesis is in vanishingly short supply. As a result, many taxa...
Ufd2p promotes efficient crossover formation by destabilizing Top2p during meiosis
Proper crossover (CO) formation in meiosis serves dual roles in ensuring accurate chromosome segregation and generating genetic diversity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying CO number and di...
A microfluidic band-pass filter for flexible fiber separation
The control of particle trajectories in structured microfluidic environments has significantly advanced sorting technologies, most notably through deterministic lateral displacement (DLD). While previ...
Intramolecular noncovalent trans ring restricting free rotation of σ single bond enhances photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide
Solar energy–driven hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) synthesis from atmospheric oxygen and water represents a sustainable an...
Spatial control of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation modulates cardiac thick filament mechanosensing
The heart can adapt its performance in response to changing metabolic demands of the rest of the body. A central mechanism intrinsic to the heart is to modulate the function of the cardiac contractile...
Functional integrity of the SEL1L–HRD1 complex is critical for endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation and organismal viability
The SEL1L–HRD1 complex is the most conserved branch of endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (ERAD), yet whether SEL1L is strictly required for HRD1 function in mammals has remained unclear. He...
Intense solar radiation constrains plant species richness in global grasslands
The search for predictors of plant diversity has challenged scientists for decades. Here we identify intense photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) as a major factor constraining plant species rich...
Predictive free energy simulations through hierarchical distillation of quantum Hamiltonians
Obtaining the free energies of condensed phase chemical reactions remains computationally prohibitive for high-level quantum mechanical methods. We introduce a hierarchical machine learning framework...
Mitochondrial transfer in the HSC–HCC–macrophage network shapes hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Mitochondrial crosstalk between tumor cells and components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is a critical yet underexplored mechanism driving hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Here, we de...
Evaluation of targeted and immune combination therapies in a rat model of hormone receptor–positive breast cancer
Estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancer is the most prevalent subtype, commonly responsive to endocrine therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have limited efficacy in ER-positive diseas...
Dopaminergic mechanisms supporting hippocampal postencoding dynamics in humans
Deficits in dopamine function cause alterations in episodic memory. Converging evidence implicates dopamine in postencoding hippocampal mechanisms inferred to support long-term memory, though there is...
Environmental conditions shape the global distribution of ant societies
Sociality has evolved several times and is a key strategy for overcoming environmental challenges and promoting ecological success. Yet, it remains unclear how environmental conditions shape global va...
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis of ERECTA family receptors is essential for proper stomatal development in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Stomata, specialized structures of plant epidermis, are crucial for gas (e.g., CO 2 , O 2 , and H 2...
T cell receptors for antigen on intraepithelial cytolytic T lymphocytes in celiac disease engage enterocyte HLA-E and HLA-B
We compared duodenal biopsies showing active celiac disease (CeD) to normal controls using single-cell RNA sequencing, cyclic immunofluorescence, RNAScope, and proximity ligation assays. There is incr...
Correction for Hanasaki et al., Frustrated random-singlet state with ice-type structural fluctuation in spinel titanates
Compensatory scaling of modulatory neural populations in response to motor challenges
Precise and adaptable movements are achieved by well-regulated muscle contractions, which are mainly governed by the excitability of motor neurons. Several neuromodulatory systems originating in the m...
Structural basis of mpox virus A30/H2 subcomplex formation
The continuous spread of mpox disease caused by mpox virus (MPXV) has posed great threat to global public health. The postattachment membrane fusion process of MPXV is mediated by a multimeric protein...
Mutations and structural variants arising during double-strand break repair
Double-strand break (DSB) repair is highly mutagenic compared to normal replication. In budding yeast, repair of an HO (homothallism) endonuclease-induced DSB at the mating-type α locus (...
The racial and ethnic gap in behavioral measures rivals the gender gap in the United States
Behavioral research has been criticized for relying on demographically narrow WEIRD samples-Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic. While recent work has expanded to explore cross-cou...
Linear ubiquitination of the NMDA receptor GluN2A subunit facilitates the GluN2B-to-GluN2A switch and synaptic maturation
N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) initiate the synaptic plasticity underlying learning and memory. In forebrain excitatory neurons, NMDARs are heteromeric tetramers composed of tw...