Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
The mortality and economic benefits of achieving air pollution standards in India
The presence of high levels of PM 2.5 pollution is a major health threat in India. We evaluate the benefits of reducing ambient PM 2.5...
Neuromodulation of swarming behavior in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> : Insights into the conserved role of calsyntenins
Collective animal behaviors arise from a complex interplay between internal physiological states and external environmental cues. In Caenorhabditis elegans...
Capillary transit time heterogeneity comes into focus
RNA-binding activity of PHGDH drives amyloid-beta production in a human brain organoid model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease
Pathological progression in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (sAD) initiates with an early rise in soluble amyloid-β (Aβ), preceding plaque formation and neurodegeneration. However, the molecular event tr...
Up-regulation of Minibrain/DYRK1A contributes to macrocephaly and brain overgrowth in a <i>Drosophila</i> model of fragile X syndrome
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the leading cause of inherited intellectual disability and autism. One common physical feature of FXS is macrocephaly, a condition typically associated with brain overgrowt...
Tuning the gate and the gear: The LRRC26 (γ1) subunit modulates intrinsic gating and voltage-sensor coupling of the BK channel
Association of auxiliary subunits (β1-4 and γ1-4) with the pore-forming α subunit of the calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channel provides functional diversity. γ1 promotes a significant...
A sterility-associated long noncoding RNA involved in honey bee caste determination and adult queen and worker fertility
Insect sociality is a major evolutionary transition based on the suppression of worker reproduction in favor of a queen’s reproductive monopoly. Although sophisticated insect societies have arisen ind...
Pichia-CLM: A language model–based codon optimization pipeline for <i>Komagataella phaffii</i>
The preference in synonymous codon usage—the so-called codon usage bias (CUB)—is governed by several factors such as the host organism, context and function of the gene, and the position of the codon...
Satellite thermal data applied to landscape archaeology: Mounds in Michigan (1200–1600 CE)
Advances in global satellite-based remote sensing, big data, and machine learning are making large-scale geographic analysis increasingly accessible. Archaeology can benefit from multitemporal and mul...
GSK-3β coordinates axonal microtubule organization through Shot and Tau
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is a key coordinator of neuronal development and maintenance; hyperactive GSK-3β is linked to neurodevelopmental and -degenerative diseases and therefore a promisi...
Compounded effects on wetland greenhouse gas fluxes from climate change and water management along a saline to freshwater gradient
Saline and freshwater wetlands store large amounts of carbon, which has driven interest in their role as nature-based climate solutions. Because these ecosystems can be both sinks and sources of carbo...
Free quantum computing
Quantum computing improves substantially on known classical algorithms for various important problems, but the nature of the relationship between quantum and classical computing is not yet fully under...
A canine <i>PLP1</i> missense variant differentiates oligodendrocyte maturation in connatal and classical Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease
Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease (PMD) is an X-linked hypomyelinating disorder caused by pathogenic variants in the proteolipid protein ( PLP1 ) gene. We report a s...
Correlational selection and genetic architecture shape the evolution of the leaf economics spectrum in a perennial grass
The generality of the worldwide leaf economics spectrum (LES) has made it a pillar of trait-based ecological research. Yet, few studies have examined the processes shaping the evolution of the LES wit...
Regulatory T cells safeguard liver health during metabolic-associated steatohepatitis
Metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a chronic liver disease driven by the confluence of metabolic stress and destructive inflammation. The immunoregulatory mechanisms that tempe...
Nutrigenomic profiling identifies ZIP10 ( <i>SLC39A10</i> ) as a regulator of erythroid zinc homeostasis with genetic associations to anemia risk
Erythroid progenitors undergo dynamic morphological changes and robust heme biosynthesis during differentiation. Zinc is essential for erythropoiesis, yet the mechanisms linking zinc availability to h...
Wireless soft implantable pressure sensors based on liquid metal with large-area mapping and adaptive implantation capabilities
Innovations in soft materials have advanced the development of implantable devices for pressure monitoring, but fabrication and integration challenges remain, such as limited patterning resolution and...
Decoupled timescales of organic carbon and phosphorus recycling in the global ocean
The ocean’s biological carbon pump exports atmospheric CO 2 to the deep ocean, where it can remain sequestered for decades to centuries, and attempts to artific...
Stability of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset disease and parturition abnormalities
Previous research on the generational stability of epigenetic transgenerational inheritance was conducted through a ten-generation study of all transgenerational generations in mammals. This study dem...
Exquisite specificity of Pks13 defines the essentiality of trehalose in mycobacteria
Mycolic acids (MAs) are the major component of the mycobacterial outer membrane, a key contributor to the intrinsic resistance of mycobacteria to external insults including multiple antibiotics. After...
Conformational ensembles of the magnesium channel CorA reveal structural basis for channel gating
In prokaryotes, CorA is the primary influx pathway for magnesium, a critical divalent cation in cellular physiology and biochemistry. Mechanistic studies show that homopentameric CorA is regulated thr...
Stripe rust fungus subverts wheat phase separation–mediated immunity to promote infection
Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) has emerged as an important strategy for plant stress resistance, yet its dynamic regulation during plant–pathogen interaction remains poorly understood. Here, we...
Wolves respond differently to human cues as they expand into urban landscapes
Wolves ( Canis lupus ) recolonizing human-dominated landscapes encounter anthropogenic risks and opportunities, but how this shapes their fear of humans is unkn...
Avalanches of choice: How stranger-to-stranger interactions shape crowd dynamics
Pedestrian routing choices play a crucial role in shaping collective crowd dynamics, yet the influence of interactions among unfamiliar individuals remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyze...
The global island species–area relationship for plants
The island species−area relationship (ISAR) is known to be near-ubiquitous, but its properties across the fullest span of island areas globally and how island endemism shapes the ISAR remain poorly un...