Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Telocyte-derived pentraxin 3 enables vascular pruning as a key driver in infantile hemangioma regression
The natural course of infantile hemangioma (IH), a benign vascular infantile tumor, is marked by the initial rapid proliferation of dystrophic capillaries, followed by a regression phase, which is eit...
Structural basis of long-range transcription–translation coupling
Structures recently have been reported of molecular assemblies that mediate transcription–translation coupling in Escherichia coli . In these molecular assembli...
Driven by climate change, sudden swings between wet and dry create “hydrologic whiplash”
Correction for Forrest et al., Early evidence for a stable and flexible foraging niche in the evolution of <i>Homo</i>
High-throughput screening identifies a critical role of the SPOP–PABPC1 axis in lung adenocarcinoma progression
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common and deadly subtype of lung cancer, with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Ubiquitination is an important posttranslational modification (PTM...
Loss of erythrocyte sialic acid in sepsis disrupts inhibitory Siglec interactions, driving neutrophil hyperactivation and NET outspread
Systemic inflammation is accompanied by overwhelming neutrophil activation, resulting in extensive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Although NETs are beneficial for pathogen entrapm...
General inverse-cube thickness scaling of projectile penetration energy in ultrathin films
Ultrathin films of widely different materials exhibit a dramatic enhancement of projectile penetration resistance under high–velocity impact. Despite extensive simulations and experiments, a unifying...
Quantum algorithms for viscosity solutions to nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi equations based on an entropy penalization method
We present a framework for efficient extraction of the viscosity solutions of nonlinear Hamilton–Jacobi equations with convex Hamiltonians. These viscosity solutions play a central role in areas such...
Ultrarapid MC1R protein and associated plumage color evolution in the domestic chicken
The domestic chicken exhibits extraordinarily high plumage diversity in sharp contrast to the uniform plumage phenotype in its wild ancestor, the red junglefowl. The melanocortin-1...
Hp1bp3 loss links chromatin reorganization to metabolic vulnerability in glioma
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are aggressive brain tumors with poor prognosis, driven in part by metabolic and epigenetic adaptations. Methionine metabolism supports HGG growth by supplying S-adenosylmeth...
Opportunities to strengthen US phosphorus supply resilience through circular pathways
With diminishing availability of high-quality phosphate rock and increasing supply uncertainties, improving phosphorus (P) recovery, recycling, and waste reduction has become critical for sustaining a...
Nf2 orchestrates β-arrestin2-biased PTH1R signaling to couple bone mass with skeletal integrity
Precise spatiotemporal regulation of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and PTH-related peptide signaling through the parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R) is fundamental to skeletal development and metabolic...
Adaptive self-organization of global swidden forests
Does swidden agriculture, a prototypical coupled human and natural system, exhibit a process of adaptive self-organization in which cultural practices balance environmental constraints through adaptiv...
The tyrosine phosphatase STEP is a developmental suppressor of synaptogenesis
Striatal-Enriched Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (STEP) constrains synaptic potentiation by dephosphorylating postsynaptic substrates, but its presynaptic role has remained unclear. Here, we identify a...
Cryo-EM reveals a right-handed double-helix dimer architecture of PCDH15
Tip links connect the stereocilia of mechanosensory hair cells in the inner ear and transmit force onto mechanotransduction (MET) channels. Tip links consist of protocadherin 15 (PCDH15) and cadherin...
Bacterial biofilms in calcium oxalate kidney stones: Where do we stand?
G-protein regulatory network governs receptor internalization dynamics
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) enable chemical communication between cells and are involved in nearly all essential functions. They transduce signals via heterotrimeric G proteins and are regulat...
Mechanisms of ubiquitylation of the mitotic regulatory protein Cdc20
A multisubunit ubiquitin ligase called the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) controls progress through mitosis in eukaryotic cells. The activity of APC/C in mitosis is subject to both posit...
Cognition does not automatically influence perception: Evidence from neural encoding of colors belonging to different categories
The firmest evidence in favor of models that posit early high-level influences of cognition on perception comes from electroencephalography (EEG). Enhanced early, preattentive processing of light and...
Oxytocin selectively biases sensory–prefrontal communication through network-level suppression and theta coupling
Oxytocin modulates social information processing by altering excitatory-inhibitory balance at the microcircuit level, but how such local modulation gives rise to selective processing at the level of d...
Void-X: A generative void-filling model for predicting atomic packing in proteins
Generative AI algorithms such as the transformer and diffusion models have greatly empowered de novo design of proteins capable of specifically interacting with designated structural sites on another...
RNF126 is a peroxisomal fate switch enabling redifferentiation therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma
Tumor hypoxia promotes dedifferentiation and metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), undermining normal liver functions. Here, we identify the E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF126 as a hypoxi...
Spin-state engineering of cobalt(IV)-oxo enables direct oxygen atom transfer for high-efficiency olefin epoxidation
High-valent metal-oxo species, such as cobalt(IV)-oxo (Co IV =O) complexes, represent promising candidates for catalytic olefin epoxidation via oxygen atom tran...
A GTP synthase ribozyme with increased GTP turnover
Before the invention of encoded protein translation, early stages of life likely relied on catalytic RNAs (ribozymes). To test how such a system could have functioned, researchers have developed riboz...