Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
ROS produced in mitochondria entrapped by self-assembly peptide fibers for target therapy of glioma
Brain glioma is a highly energy-dependent malignant tumor. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) provides a noninvasive and effective approach for brain glioma therapy. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) from sonosens...
Super-Darcy flow behavior in fracture-confined porous media
Particle deposition and migration within fractures can reorganize open void space into heterogeneous fracture-confined porous media (FCPM), yet the macroscopic flow behavior of these emergent systems...
Contributions of intra- and extracellular antibiotic degradation to collective β-lactam survival
Collective antibiotic resistance occurs when populations of bacteria survive antibiotic treatments that are lethal to individual bacteria, which affects the efficacy of drug therapies. An important me...
Hydrodynamic dispersion drives viral–cellular contact for gene delivery in porous media
Reactive biological processes often hinge on rare collisions between particles whose transport is governed by disparate advective, diffusive, and sedimentary mechanisms. Biological cell–virus encounte...
Correction for Chang et al., Plant pathogenic nematode exosomes remodel vector tracheae to enhance pathogen transmission
Mitofusin-2 in ventral striatal D1 neurons regulates effort-based motivation through sex-specific mitochondrial–synaptic reprogramming
Effort-based motivation varies widely across individuals and affects well-being, yet the molecular and neuronal mechanisms that set motivational capacity remain incompletely understood. Mitochondrial...
A population of primary afferent sensory neurons mediates pain relief through nocifensive coping behavior in mice
When exposed to noxious cutaneous stimuli, animals exhibit nocifensive behaviors, including rapid defensive reflexes that limit tissue damage and subsequent coping behaviors—most commonly licking of t...
Correction for Cao et al., Cenozoic geoclimatic changes drove the evolutionary dynamics of floristic endemism on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Divergent philosophical commitments in neuroscience: Evidence from a global survey
The mind–brain relationship is a foundational yet underexplored dimension of contemporary neuroscience, shaping research framing, data interpretation, and public communication. We conducted a large-sc...
Endosomal TPC1–mediated Ca <sup>2+</sup> nanodomains regulate transferrin receptor trafficking and iron homeostasis
Two-pore channel 1 (TPC1) is an endosomal Na + /Ca 2+ -selective channel implicated in membrane trafficking, endosome tu...
Artistic visions shape and respond to Mars missions
Hydration and hydrolysis define antibiotic resistance conferred by macrolide esterases
Macrolides are an antibiotic class widely used in both human and veterinary medicine, and function by interfering with protein synthesis. Regrettably, numerous strategies for evading the antibiotic pr...
Homer condensates orchestrate YAP–Wnt signaling crosstalk downstream of the Crumbs polarity complex
The Hippo pathway governs cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation and is frequently deregulated in cancer. Yes-associated protein (YAP) is the central transcriptional coactivator of the Hippo...
Dosage compensation and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation are maintained under relaxed selection
Dosage compensation and meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI) are key mechanisms regulating gene expression from the X chromosome in male-heterogametic species. While the convergent evolution of...
Tumor-derived cytokine enhances bitter sensing through remote control of bitter taste neurons via the Upd3/Spz5/Toll-6 axis in <i>Drosophila</i>
The sense of taste is essential as it governs appetite and the feeding process. However, it is largely unknown whether and how tumors in a host communicate with peripheral taste sensing. Using the wel...
Bursa of Fabricius–independent B cells establish an IgA-mediated intestinal barrier that safeguards gut–liver homeostasis
The bursa of Fabricius (BF), a specialized lymphoid structure in birds, regulates avian B-cell development. However, the BF starts to regress posthatching, suggesting that as-yet-unidentified structur...
Targeted α-synuclein mRNA degradation by PMO-based RNA-degrading chimeras
α-Synucleinopathies are devastating neurodegenerative diseases characterized by pathological accumulation of a neuronal protein, α-synuclein (αSyn). Lowering soluble αSyn levels is a promising therape...
Cryogenic silicification enables nongenetic functional continuity across mammalian cell generations
Mammalian cells are intrinsically soft, with Young’s moduli typically ranging from 0.1 to 10.0 kPa depending on the organization of the F-actin cytoskeleton, rendering them highly susceptible to mecha...
Fly navigational responses exploit plume-specific odor motion and gradient cues
Odor cues guide animals to food and mates. Different environmental conditions can create differently patterned odor plumes, making navigation more challenging. Prior work has shown that animals turn u...
Dielectric levitation optical tweezers for powerful mesoscale biomanipulation
Optical tweezers (OT), a cornerstone of micromanipulation, are fundamentally constrained by substrate-induced adhesion and friction, limiting their application to mesoscale objects and fragile biologi...
Social evolution and diminished olfactory function in larval honey bees
Social evolution made larval honey bees dependent on adult colony members for feeding; they are confined to cells in waxen honeycombs and visited about 100 times per day by adult “nurse” bees. Based o...
Revealing ancient macroH2A features through in vivo analysis in the cricket <i>Gryllus bimaculatus</i>
macroH2A is one of the most atypical histone variants, being three times larger than canonical H2A due to its unique extranucleosomal macrodomain. Once thought to be vertebrate-specific, macroH2A is i...
Distinct cell type–specific mechanisms underlie cognitive dysfunction during persistent integrated stress response activation
Persistent activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) is a central driver of cognitive decline in both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the cell type–specific mecha...
3D nanoscale imaging of amyloid-β oligomer interactions with extracellular vesicles by cryo-ET
Central to Alzheimer’s disease pathology are prefibrillar oligomer assemblies of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide. A widely discussed hypothesis proposes that amyloid-β oligomers insert into neuronal lipid memb...
Repurposing trazodone for Alzheimer’s disease to modulate soluble ST2 levels and alleviate Alzheimer’s pathology
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial disorder involving various pathological mechanisms, such as amyloidosis, immune dysfunctions, and synaptic impairments, which are important therapeutic tar...