Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Poverty alleviation resettlement in China reduces deforestation
Deforestation frequently accompanies poverty, yet various antipoverty programs in many countries have exhibited mixed results in addressing deforestation. Poverty Alleviation Resettlement (PAR) stands...
Fluorescence detection of dopamine signaling to the primate striatum in relation to stimulus–reward associations
Dopamine (DA) signals to the striatum play critical roles in shaping and sustaining stimulus-reward associations. In primates, however, the dynamics of the DA signals remain unknown since conventional...
Spinal TRPC3 promotes neuropathic pain and coordinates phospholipase C–induced mechanical hypersensitivity
Neuropathic pain is a debilitating chronic condition mainly caused by peripheral nerve injury. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this condition remain unclear. Transient recept...
Infant EEG microstate dynamics relate to fine-grained patterns of infant attention during naturalistic play with caregivers
As infants grow, they develop greater attentional control during interactions with others, shifting from patterns of attention primarily driven by caregivers (exogenous) to those that are also self-di...
Positive effects of species mixing on biodiversity of understory plant communities and soil health in forest plantations
Mixed-species plantations are increasingly recognized for their potential to maintain forest biodiversity and soil health; however, a comprehensive assessment of their global effectiveness is lacking....
Asymmetric bending boundary layer: The <i>λ</i> -test
We investigate the mechanics of two asymmetric ribbons bound at one end and pulled apart at the other ends. We characterize the elastic junction near the bonding and conceptualize it as a bending boun...
How spatiotemporal dynamics can enhance ecosystem resilience
We study how self-organization in systems showing complex spatiotemporal dynamics can increase ecosystem resilience. We consider a general simple model that includes positive feedback as well as negat...
RGMb drives macrophage infiltration to aggravate kidney disease
The importance of macrophages in kidney diseases has been well established; however, the mechanisms underlying the infiltration of macrophages into injured kidneys are not well understood. RGMb is a m...
Topologically reconfigurable nematic emulsions
In emulsions of multicomponent fluids, the dispersed phase forms tiny droplets in the continuous phase. In situ control and manipulation to achieve diversity in emulsion droplets for emerging applicat...
The role of excitations in supercooled liquids: Density, geometry, and relaxation dynamics
Low-energy excitations play a key role in all condensed-matter systems, yet there is limited understanding of their nature in glasses, where they correspond to local rearrangements of groups of partic...
Brain-wide dynamic coactivation states code for hand movements in the resting state
Resting brain activity, in the absence of explicit tasks, appears as distributed spatiotemporal patterns that reflect structural connectivity and correlate with behavioral traits. However, its role in...
<i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> FcrX coordinates cell cycle and division during free-living growth and symbiosis by a ClpXP-dependent mechanism
Sinorhizobium meliloti is a soil bacterium that establishes a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis within root nodules of legumes. In this symbiosis, S. meliloti...
Characterization of diverse Cas9 orthologs for genome and epigenome editing
CRISPR-Cas9 systems have revolutionized biotechnology, creating diverse new opportunities for biomedical research and therapeutic genome and epigenome editing. Despite the abundance of bacterial CRISP...
A family of bacterial actin homologs forms a three-stranded tubular structure
The cytoskeleton is crucial for cell organization and movement. In Eukaryotes, it largely consists of the protein actin, that forms a double-stranded linear filamentous structure in the presence of AT...
Genetic or therapeutic disruption of the Reelin/Apoer2 signaling pathway improves inflammatory arthritis outcomes
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and progressive joint destruction. The inflammatory milieu in RA drives endothelial...
Machine-learning heat flux closure for multi-moment fluid modeling of nonlinear Landau damping
Nonlinear plasma physics problems are usually simulated through comprehensive modeling of phase space. The extreme computational cost of such simulations has motivated the development of multi-moment...
Dual-filament regulation of relaxation in mammalian fast skeletal muscle
Muscle contraction is driven by myosin motors from the thick filaments pulling on the actin-containing thin filaments of the sarcomere, and it is regulated by structural changes in both filaments. Thi...
For geological carbon sequestration to work, we need a geospatial planning policy
SOS1 inhibitor BI-3406 shows in vivo antitumor activity akin to genetic ablation and synergizes with a KRAS <sup>G12D</sup> inhibitor in KRAS LUAD
We evaluated the in vivo therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of BI-3406-mediated pharmacological inhibition of SOS1 in comparison to genetic ablation of this universal Ras-GEF in various KRAS-depend...
Proteasomal processing of the viral replicase ORF1 facilitates HEV-induced liver fibrosis
Chronic infections with hepatitis E virus (HEV), especially those of genotype 3 (G3), frequently lead to liver fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients. However, the causation and mechanism of liver fibrosi...
iPSCs engrafted in allogeneic hosts without immunosuppression induce donor-specific tolerance to secondary allografts
Currently, most cell or tissue transplantations using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are anticipated to involve allogeneic iPSCs. However, the immunological properties of iPSCs in an allogenei...
<i>N</i> 6-methyladnosine of vRNA facilitates influenza A virus replication by promoting the interaction of vRNA with polymerase proteins
N 6-methyladnosine (m 6 A) modification is present in both positive- and negative-strand RNA of influenza A virus (IAV) and affects the repl...
Real-life intense fear is communicated through context, not facial expressions
Central emotion theories assume that during threatening and dangerous events the human face signals a prototypical, distinct, and universally recognized expression of fear which can be accurately deco...
The decade-long growth of government-authored news media in China under Xi Jinping
Autocratic governments around the world use clandestine propaganda campaigns to influence the media. We document a decade-long trend in China toward the planting of government-authored articles in par...
Epitope-directed selection of GPCR nanobody ligands with evolvable function
Antibodies have the potential to target G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) with high receptor, cellular, and tissue selectivity; however, few antibody ligands for GPCRs exist. Here, we describe a gen...