Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Fungal Argonaute proteins act in bidirectional cross-kingdom RNA interference during plant infection
Argonaute (AGO) proteins bind to small RNAs to induce RNA interference (RNAi), a conserved gene regulatory mechanism in animal, plant, and fungal kingdoms. Small RNAs of the fungal plant pathogen...
Bridging life satisfaction data and neurobiological measures would elucidate human well-being
A selfish supergene causes meiotic drive through both sexes in <i>Drosophila</i>
Meiotic drivers are selfish genetic elements that bias their own transmission during meiosis or gamete formation. Due to the fundamental differences between male and female meiosis in animals and plan...
Neuronal autophagy controls excitability via ryanodine receptor–mediated regulation of calcium-activated potassium channel function
Glutamate-mediated neuronal hyperexcitation plays a causative role in eliciting seizures and promoting epileptogenesis. Recent data suggest that altered autophagy can contribute to the occurrence of e...
A simple method for mapping the location of cross-β-forming regions within protein domains of low sequence complexity
Protein domains of low sequence complexity are unable to fold into stable, three-dimensional structures. In test tube studies, these unusual polypeptide regions can self-associate in a manner causing...
B cell–derived acetylcholine mitigates skin inflammation in mice through α9 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor–mediated signaling
Chronic inflammatory skin disorders are characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and hyperactivation as well as immune cell infiltration. We investigated whether immune cell–derived acetylchol...
Elevated UDP-glucuronic acid levels mend drug resistance and stress responses via a protease and a transporter in <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i>
UDP-glucuronic acid (UDP-GlcUA) is a nucleotide sugar essential for various biological processes in many organisms, and its excess within the cell can disrupt cellular functions. In...
LACE-UP: An ensemble machine-learning method for health subtype classification on multidimensional binary data
Disease and behavior subtype identification is of significant interest in biomedical research. However, in many settings, subtype discovery is limited by a lack of robust statistical clustering method...
40 Hz sensory stimulation enhances CA3–CA1 coordination and prospective coding during navigation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
40 Hz sensory stimulation (“flicker”) has emerged as a new technique to potentially mitigate pathology and improve cognition in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. However, it remains...
Phospholipid flippase ATP11A brokers uterine epithelial integrity and function
Uterine adaptations driven by the steroid hormones estrogen and progesterone are pivotal for embryo implantation and, ultimately, for a successful pregnancy. Here, we show in mice that genetic ablatio...
Reducing the effects of radiation damage in cryo-EM using liquid helium temperatures
The physical limit in determining the atomic structure of biological molecules is radiation damage. In electron cryomicroscopy, there have been numerous attempts to reduce the effects of radiation dam...
<i>NAT10</i> exacerbates acute renal inflammation by enhancing N4-acetylcytidine modification of the CCL2/CXCL1 axis
Inflammation plays an essential role in eliminating microbial pathogens and repairing tissues, while sustained inflammation accelerates kidney damage and disease progression. Therefore, understanding...
A unified framework for hydromechanical signaling can explain transmission of local and long-distance signals in plants
Local wounding in plants triggers signals that travel locally within the wounded leaf or systemically through the vasculature to distant leaves. Our understanding of the mechanisms of initiation and p...
Annihilation-limited long-range exciton transport in high-mobility conjugated copolymer films
A combination of ultrafast, long-range, and low-loss excitation energy transfer from the photoreceptor location to a functionally active site is essential for cost-effective polymeric semiconductors....
Proteostasis landscapes of cystic fibrosis variants reveal drug response vulnerability
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lethal genetic disorder caused by variants in CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). Many variants are treatable with correctors, which enhance the folding and traffi...
Extreme weather variability on hot rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e explained by magma temperature–cloud feedback
Observations of the hot rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e report significant but unexplained variability in brightness across visible and infrared bands, e.g., on subweekly timescales, its mid-infrared brig...
Ligand-binding pockets in RNA and where to find them
RNAs are critical regulators of gene expression, and their functions are often mediated by complex secondary and tertiary structures. Structured regions in RNA can selectively interact with small mole...
Relaxation to universal non-Maxwellian equilibria in a collisionless plasma
Generic equilibria are derived for turbulent relaxing plasmas via an entropy-maximization procedure that accounts for the short-time conservation of certain collisionless invariants. The conservation...
Opioid receptors reveal a discrete cellular mechanism of endosomal G protein activation
Many GPCRs initiate a second phase of G protein-mediated signaling from endosomes. This inherently requires the GPCR to increase cognate G protein activity on the endosome surface. G...
FlgY, PflA, and PflB form a spoke–ring network in the high-torque flagellar motor of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>
Helicobacter pylori has evolved distinct flagellar motility to colonize the human stomach. Rotation of the H. pylori flagella is driven by o...
A diverse single-stranded DNA–annealing protein library enables efficient genome editing across bacterial phyla
Genome modification is essential for studying and engineering bacteria, yet making efficient modifications to most species remains challenging. Bacteriophage-encoded single-stranded DNA–annealing prot...
MOB1 deletion in murine mature adipocytes ameliorates obesity and diabetes
There is currently a global epidemic of obesity and obesity-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes due to decreased physical activity, excessive food intake, and/or genetic predisposition. The Hippo...
Disrupted sensorimotor predictions in high autistic characteristics
Humans maintain a stable view of the world by omitting self-generated motion during rapid eye movements, or saccades. An efferent copy of the saccade motor command informs visual processing about the...
Thermal homogenization of boreal communities in response to climate warming
Globally, rising temperatures are increasingly favoring warm-affiliated species. Although changes in community composition are typically measured by the mean temperature affinity of species (the commu...