Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Reciprocal projections between the globus pallidus externa and cortex span motor and nonmotor regions
The globus pallidus externa (GPe) is a heterogeneous nucleus of the basal ganglia, with intricate connections to other basal ganglia nuclei, as well as direct connections to the cortex. The anatomic,...
Single-cell resolution uncovers neighboring cell subtypes that share steroidogenic capacity during fetal testis development
Historically, endocrine cells were perceived to coordinate their output in a uniform manner. Recently however, single-cell technologies have uncovered heterogeneity within these populations, indicatin...
Increasing boreal fires reduce future global warming and sea ice loss
Biomass burning can affect climate via the emission of aerosols and their subsequent impact on radiation, cloud microphysics, and surface and atmospheric albedo. Biomass burning emissions (BBEs) over...
Multiple cortical systems influence a single vibrissa muscle
What is the neural substrate that enables the cerebral cortex to control a single mystacial vibrissa and orchestrate its movement? To answer this question, we injected rabies virus into the intrinsic...
Convergent expansions of keystone gene families drive metabolic innovation in Saccharomycotina yeasts
Many remarkable phenotypes have repeatedly occurred across vast evolutionary distances. When convergent traits emerge on the tree of life, they are sometimes driven by the same underlying gene familie...
Revealing land control dynamics in emerging agricultural frontiers
The expansion of commodity agriculture into tropical and subtropical woodlands degrades ecosystem functionality, biodiversity, and the livelihood base of millions of people. Understanding where and ho...
Symmetries and synchronization from whole-neural activity in the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> connectome: Integration of functional and structural networks
Understanding the dynamical behavior of complex systems from their underlying network architectures is a long-standing question in complexity theory. Therefore, many metrics have been devised to extra...
In-plane ferroelectricity with high Curie temperatures in nonequilibrium SnSe <sub>1-x</sub> S <sub>x</sub> van der Waals semiconductors
While symmetry breaking in 2D ferroelectrics is obviously linked to the single-layer structure, layered (van der Waals) ferroelectrics can have a multitude of underlying mechanisms, making their ident...
Structure and organization of full-length epidermal growth factor receptor in extracellular vesicles by cryo-electron tomography
We report here transport of full-length epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Insulin Receptor, 7-pass transmembrane receptor Smoothened, and 13-pass Sodium-iodide symporter to extracellular vesicl...
The cell-permeable iron chelator M606 inhibits MYCN-driven neuroblastoma via an E2F3-mediated response
Despite Myc oncoproteins being major causal factors in human cancer, they remain “undruggable.” The MYCN oncogene is one of the most powerful prognostic markers...
Concerted transport and phosphorylation of diacylglycerol at ER–PM contact sites regulate phospholipid dynamics during stress
A universal response of plants to environmental stresses is the activation of plasma membrane (PM) phospholipase C, which hydrolyzes phosphoinositides to produce soluble inositol phosphate and diacylg...
Declining coral calcification to enhance twenty-first-century ocean carbon uptake by gigatonnes
The sensitivity of coral reefs to climate change is well established. As the oceans warm and acidify, the calcification of coral reefs declines with net calcium carbonate dissolution projected under e...
Pathophysiologically relevant bisphenol S exposure accelerates aging by disrupting brown adipose tissue–regulated energy metabolism
Bisphenol A (BPA) substitutes are widely used as food contact materials and consumer products, while the effects of pathophysiologically relevant concentrations of BPA substitutes on aging remain uncl...
Structure–function coupling in the first month of life: Associations with age and attention
How brain structure relates to function is a critical and open question in neuroscience. Here, we characterize regional variation in structure–function coupling, capturing the degree to which a cortic...
Evolutionarily conserved BON1 regulates the basal cytosolic Ca <sup>2+</sup> level by calmodulin-independent activation of Ca <sup>2+</sup> pumps in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Plasma membrane-localized autoinhibited Ca 2+ pumps are essential for maintaining basal cytosolic Ca 2+ levels for regul...
Circuit complexity and functionality: A statistical thermodynamics perspective
Circuit complexity, defined as the minimum circuit size required for implementing a particular Boolean computation, is a foundational concept in computer science. Determining circuit complexity is bel...
A mouse model of Jansen’s metaphyseal chondrodysplasia for investigating disease mechanisms and candidate therapeutics
Jansen’s metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) is a rare disorder caused by activating mutations in the parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) receptor (PTH1R). Patients exhibit short stat...
Material properties of biomolecular condensates emerge from nanoscale dynamics
Biomolecular condensates form by phase separation of biological polymers and have important functions in the cell—functions that are inherently linked to their physical properties at different scales....
Climate warming increases global oceanic dimethyl sulfide emissions
Oceanic dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is the largest natural source of atmospheric sulfur. DMS is biologically produced in seawater and emitted into the atmosphere, where its oxidation products contribute to...
MyD88 knockdown by RNAi prevents bacterial stimulation of tubeworm metamorphosis
Diverse animals across the tree of life undergo the life-history transition of metamorphosis in response to bacteria. Although immunity has been implicated in this metamorphosis in response to bacteri...
Suborbital- and millennial-scale monsoon variability during Pleistocene interglacials
Observational and modeling results show that the frequency and amplitude of extreme climatic events have increased significantly in the context of global warming. However, whether abrupt climate chang...
Multiple sources of atmospheric CO <sub>2</sub> activated by AMOC recovery at the onset of interglacial MIS 9
Using high-precision ice core measurements of CO 2 , δ 13 C–CO 2 , CH...
Anthropogenic iron alters the spring phytoplankton bloom in the North Pacific transition zone
Industrial activities have increased the supply of iron to the ocean, but the magnitude of anthropogenic input and its ecological consequences are not well-constrained by observations. Across four exp...