Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Assembly of a functional neuronal circuit in embryos of an ancestral metazoan is influenced by temperature and the microbiome
Understanding how neural populations emerge to give rise to behavior is a major goal in neuroscience. Here, we explore the self-assembly of neural circuits in Hydra...
The tumor suppressor RASSF8: A WAVE interaction partner controlling migration and cohesion of invasive border cells in <i>Drosophila</i>
Collective cell migration is a key driver of tissue morphogenesis and cancer invasion. Here, we identified the tumor suppressor Ras association domain-containing protein 8 (RASSF8) as a WAVE interacto...
Macropinosomes are a site of HIV-1 entry into primary CD4 <sup>+</sup> T cells
HIV-1 has been observed to enter target cells at both the plasma membrane and endosomes. However, which pathways mediate its entry into primary CD4 + T cells, t...
Assembly and activation of the death-inducing signaling complex
The death-inducing signaling complex (DISC), comprising Fas, Fas-associated death domain (FADD), and caspase-8, initiates extrinsic apoptosis. Using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we show th...
Amortized template matching of molecular conformations from cryoelectron microscopy images using simulation-based inference
Characterizing the conformational ensemble of biomolecular systems is key to understand their functions. Cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) captures two-dimensional snapshots of biomolecular ensembles,...
Template-free 3D programmable magnetization of soft millirobots induced by interlayer stress
Soft magnetic miniature devices are crucial for applications in minimally invasive medicine, soft electronics, and robotics. While substantial progress has been made, current magnetic programming tech...
Stepwise deactivation of gibberellins during rice internode elongation
Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are a class of plant hormones that regulate various aspects of plant growth and development, and several key GA deactivation enzymes have been identified. In rice, non-13-...
Direct sensing of host ferric iron by an archetype histidine kinase mediates virulence of an enteric pathogen
Two-component system (TCS) histidine kinases enable bacterial pathogens to sense environmental signals and regulate adaptive responses during infection. The EnvZ/OmpR TCS, known for its role in osmola...
Multiphasic size-dependent growth dynamics of nanoparticle ensembles
Colloidal nanoparticles are of great interest in modern science and industry. However, the thermodynamic mechanism and dynamics of nanoparticle growth have yet to be understood. Addressing these issue...
The analgesic paracetamol metabolite AM404 acts peripherally to directly inhibit sodium channels
Paracetamol has been used for decades to relieve mild-to-moderate pain. Its analgesic effect is mainly attributed to its metabolite, AM404, acting on cannabinoid receptors or TRPV1 channels in central...
Spatially resolved DNP-assisted NMR illuminates the conformational ensemble of α-synuclein in intact viable cells
The protein α-syn adopts a wide variety of conformations including an intrinsically disordered monomeric form and an α-helical-rich membrane-associated form that is thought to play an important role i...
Transcranial direct current stimulation neuromodulates intracranial cognitive evoked activity in humans
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an easy to use, noninvasive brain stimulation technique that gained prominence for its potential in cognitive rehabilitation. Electroencephalography (...
High-throughput metabolic engineering of <i>Yarrowia lipolytica</i> through gene expression tuning
The challenge of accurately predicting which genetic alternations lead to the desired phenotype necessitates high-throughput metabolic engineering approaches where numerous hypotheses can be tested si...
Parallel sensory compensation following independent subterranean colonization by groundwater salamanders ( <i>Eurycea</i> )
Lineages that have invaded subterranean environments have repeatedly evolved remarkable adaptations to life in darkness. However, observational and experimental studies in additional natural systems a...
Polaron catastrophe within quantum acoustics
The quantum acoustic framework has recently emerged as a nonperturbative, coherent approach to electron–lattice interactions, uncovering rich physics often obscured by perturbative methods with incohe...
The prevalence of functional limitations in the US workforce
This research paper investigates the prevalence of functional limitations among employed adults in the United States and the association between these limitations and medical conditions. The authors a...
Detection of the knee point in lithium-ion battery degradation using a state-of-charge-dependent parameter
The rapidly expanding lithium-ion battery (LIB) market has heightened the demand for efficient diagnostics for in-use cells and the reliable grading of used cells. Various purpose-built analysis tools...
Natural dispersal is better than translocation for reducing risks of inbreeding depression in eastern black rhinoceros ( <i>Diceros bicornis michaeli</i> )
Due to increasing anthropogenic impacts, many species survive only in small and isolated populations. Active conservation management to reduce extinction risk includes increasing habitat connectivity,...
Epithelial Regnase-1 inhibits colorectal tumor growth by regulating IL-17 signaling via degradation of <i>NFKBIZ</i> mRNA
Regnase-1 is a ribonuclease that regulates inflammation in immune cells by degrading cytokine mRNA. Regnase-1 was identified as one of the frequently mutated ge...
Study design and the sampling of deleterious rare variants in biobank-scale datasets
One key component of study design in population genetics is the “geographic breadth” of a sample (i.e., how broad a region across which individuals are sampled). How the geographic breadth of a sample...
Population sequencing for phylogenetic diversity and transmission analyses
Genomic diversity in pathogen populations is foundational for evolution and adaptation. Understanding population-level diversity is also essential for tracking sources and revealing detailed pathways...
Deciphering decomposition pathways of high explosives with cryogenic X-ray Raman spectroscopy
We employed cryogenic X-ray Raman spectroscopy to investigate the early-stage decomposition of the high explosive molecule hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20). By systematically varying the radiatio...
<i>CACNA1D</i> is a circadian gene and causes familial advanced sleep phase
Familial advanced sleep phase (FASP) is a heritable human sleep trait characterized by early sleep onset and offset times. We have identified five variants in five different families in the human volt...
BRCA2 reversion mutation–independent resistance to PARP inhibition through impaired DNA prereplication complex function
Recent approvals of polymeric adenosine diphosphate ribose (poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) for BRCA-mutant metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer necessitate an understanding...
Disrupted diencephalon development and neuropeptidergic pathways in zebrafish with autism-risk mutations
Hundreds of human mutations are linked to autism and related disorders, yet the functions of many of these mutated genes during vertebrate neurodevelopment are unclear. We generated 27 zebrafish mutan...