Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Resilience of deep aquifer microbial communities to seasonal hydrological fluctuations
The influence of seasonal variations in temperature and precipitation on subsurface biogeochemical processes remains poorly understood. In the Lavey-les-Bains thermal system in the Swiss Alps, annual...
A skin-interfaced wireless wearable device and data analytics approach for sleep-stage and disorder detection
Accurate identification of sleep stages and disorders is crucial for maintaining health, preventing chronic conditions, and improving diagnosis and treatment. Direct respiratory measurements, as key b...
The highly conserved intron of tyrosine tRNA is critical for <sup>m1</sup> A58 modification and controls the integrated stress response
tRNA introns are a universally conserved feature of eukaryotic genomes, but the reason for their conservation has remained obscure. We have previously shown that a defect in the essential tRNA splicin...
Establishment of cell size–dependent growth rate via differential scaling of metabolite uptake and release
Metabolism fuels cell growth and functions. While it is well established that cellular growth rate scales with cell size, how cells alter their metabolism as they change size remains largely unexplore...
Evolution of the real area of contact during laboratory earthquakes
Empirical slip-rate- and state-dependent friction laws and linear fracture mechanics constitute popular approaches to explaining earthquakes. However, the physics underlying friction laws remain elusi...
Endogenous competition and the underrealized reproduction of infectious diseases
Scientific inquiry about the transmissibility of infectious diseases is largely based on the basic reproduction number (...
Reinforcement generates systematic differences without heterogeneity
Inequality in outcomes may emerge through a reinforcement process in which stochastic variation in values is determined by prior values but may also originate in preexisting differences in unobserved...
Light at night negatively affects mood in diurnal primate-like tree shrews via a visual pathway related to the perihabenular nucleus
To better understand the potential health threats and underlying visual pathways of long-term light at night (LAN) exposure, we adopted a widely accepted diurnal animal model tree shrew (...
Projecting neurons from the lateral entorhinal cortex to the basolateral amygdala mediate the encoding of incidental odor–taste associations
Since our first steps in life, we are forming incidental associations between diverse stimuli across various sensory modalities that influence our future choices and facilitate adaptation to environme...
A proteomic signature of healthspan
The focus of aging research has shifted from increasing lifespan to enhancing healthspan to reduce the time spent living with disability. Despite significant efforts to develop biomarkers of aging, fe...
Control of seed-to-seedling transition by an upstream open reading frame in <i>ABSCISIC ACID DEFICIENT2</i>
The start of seed germination is a major decision point in plant life cycle, which relies on seed stored mRNA. However, the underlying translational mechanism remains less illustrated. Here, we demons...
Controlling DNA–RNA strand displacement kinetics with base distribution
DNA–RNA hybrid strand displacement underpins the function of many natural and engineered systems. Understanding and controlling factors affecting DNA–RNA strand displacement reactions is necessary to...
Broadband measurement of Feibelman’s quantum surface response functions
Feibelman d -parameter, a mesoscopic complement to the local bulk pe...
High-frequency monitoring enables machine learning–based forecasting of acute child malnutrition for early warning
The number of acutely food insecure people worldwide has doubled since 2017, increasing demand for early warning systems (EWS) that can predict food emergencies. Advances in computational methods, and...
Programmable seconds-to-days-long delayed snapping in jumping metashells
Shape-shifting structures can transform and recover their shapes in response to external stimuli, but they often lack programmable, clock-like control over spatiotemporal deformation and motion, espec...
Dynamic relocation of PKA regulatory subunits during sperm capacitation: Linking PKA to the CatSper signaling complex
To fertilize an oocyte, mammalian spermatozoa must undergo a maturation step known as capacitation that takes place after ejaculation. Protein kinase A (PKA) plays a fundamental role in capacitation i...
Increased excitatory synapse size in hippocampal place cells compared to silent cells
Neuronal activity in the hippocampus creates a cognitive map of space that is essential for navigation. In any given environment, a fraction of hippocampal pyramidal cells (PCs) is active at specific...
Simpson’s gender-equality paradox
Several cross-country examinations have found larger gender differences in Western countries. More recently, it has been argued, from an evolutionary standpoint, that equality may paradoxically increa...
Targeting of hyperlipid-producing senescent synovial fibroblasts to ameliorate cartilage degeneration
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of physical disability among older people and its incidence increases with age. Removal of the senescent cells (SNCs) delays OA pathologies, but li...
Water-rich incipient melt of the deep upper mantle indicates locally preserved low-velocity zones above the 410 km discontinuity
Seismic low-velocity layers (LVLs), frequently attributed to hydrous-silicate melts, are detected globally but exhibit lateral discontinuities. Geophysical and laboratory studies of water content in t...
Physics of notochord tube expansion in ascidians
Interaction of cells and the surrounding lumen drives the formation of tubular system that plays the transport and exchange functions within an organism. The physical and biological mechanisms of lume...
Sequential drug release system: Targeting the tumor ECM for enhanced chemotherapy efficacy
The dense extracellular matrix (ECM) of stroma-rich solid tumors acts as a significant barrier to effective chemotherapy by hindering drug penetration. In this study, a supramolecular hydrogel was suc...
Shared disbelief and shared belief: Belief and disbelief as drivers of interpersonal neural synchronization during narrative processing
Despite living in an era where the mere concept of truth is increasingly contested, the cognitive processes underlying the processing of information we believe or disbelieve remain largely unexplored....
Creb5 controls its own expression and directly induces the joint interzone regulatory program
Prior studies have indicated that the transcription factor Creb5 is expressed in the joint interzone, which contains the progenitors for all synovial joint tiss...
Jund orchestrates <i>cis</i> -regulatory element dynamics to facilitate endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition
The tightly controlled spatiotemporal expression of developmental genes depends on the concerted action of cis -regulatory elements (CREs) and transcription fac...