Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Fundamental toughening landscape in soft–hard composites: Insights from a minimal framework
Soft–hard composite strategy is a highly general yet powerful approach to overcome the inherent trade-off between strength and toughness in material design. However, the underlying toughening mechanis...
Operando Raman characterization of unique electroinduced molecular tautomerization in zero-gap electrolyzers promotes CO <sub>2</sub> reduction
Membrane electrode assembly (MEA) represents an advanced type of electrochemical device currently widely used in various electrocatalysis applications [e.g., electrochemical CO 2...
Yeast centrosomes act as organizing centers to promote Polo kinase–mediated adaptation to persistent DNA damage
The ability of cells to overcome cell cycle arrest and adapt to the presence of unrepairable DNA damage is under the control of Polo-like kinases (PLKs) in eukaryotes. How DNA damage checkpoints are s...
The growth and collapse of autonomy at work
Humans hate being monitored. Autonomy is prized—including by research scientists. Yet little is known about a fundamental issue in the modern world: What is happening to job autonomy in today’s workpl...
Experimental determination of tripartite quantum discord
Quantum discord is a measure of nonclassical correlations in quantum systems. While the bipartite version of quantum discord is experimentally well-studied, the multipartite version has never been con...
A <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> secreted virulence factor Rv1435c/hsr1 disrupts host snRNP biogenesis
Transcriptional adaptation drives the host responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) infection. However,...
Expanding the diversity of bacterial DNA partitioning: A CTP-independent ParAB <i>S</i> system for plasmid partitioning in <i>Streptomyces</i>
The ATP- and CTP-dependent ParA-ParB- parS segrosome is a macromolecular complex that segregates chromosomes/plasmids in most bacterial species. CTP binding and...
UFMylation: A supervisor of the HIF1α pathway and a potential therapeutic target for anti-PD-1 combination therapy in hypoxic tumors
Activation of hypoxia signaling has been identified as an innate resistance signature against anti-PD-1 therapy, suggesting its potential as a target for combination treatments. Here, we demonstrate t...
Vamp3/syntaxin 4 mediates the basolateral membrane fusion of TfR transcytosis across the BBB and is exploited by pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i>
Transcytosis across the blood–brain barrier (BBB), composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs), is tightly controlled to prevent the entry of macromolecules, microorganisms, and toxins...
Tunable shear thickening, aging, and rejuvenation in suspensions of shape-memory-endowed liquid crystalline particles
The morphological features of particles, notably shape anisotropy, critically influence the rheological properties of dense suspensions, spanning both natural and engineered systems. This work explore...
Akt isoform specificity drives intrinsic immune regulation during HSV-1 infection
Akt isoforms are generally considered functionally redundant, contributing to total Akt activity. However, during HSV-1 infection, Akt1 and Akt2 knockout animals exhibited distinct antiviral responses...
Molecular basis for substrate recognition and transport of mammalian taurine transporters
The taurine transporter (TAUT) mediates cellular taurine uptake, playing a critical role in human health and longevity. In this study, we present cryogenic electron microscopy structures of both mouse...
Metabolic engineering of <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> for the production of active hemoglobins and myoglobins by improving heme supply
Hemoglobins (Hb) and myoglobins (Mb) are important hemoproteins with broad applications in food and medicine. Microbial cell factory is a promising approach for the green and sustainable production of...
Divergent oxygen trends in ice-covered lakes driven by ice-cover decline and ecological memory
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is an essential resource in ice-covered lakes, regulating water quality and biodiversity, including the survival of economically important fish species. Most of the world’s lakes...
How to tackle the looming challenge of solar PV panel recycling
Sulfur-mediated transformation from osmium nanocrystals to single atoms for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Osmium (Os)-based catalysts, recognized for their unique chemical and electronic properties along with cost-effectiveness, hold great potential for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, thei...
Cerebral blood flow is modulated by astrocytic cAMP elevation independently of IP <sub>3</sub> R2-mediated Ca <sup>2+</sup> signaling in mice
Local neural activation drives regional increase of cerebral blood flow (CBF), in a phenomenon known as functional hyperemia. Astrocytes, which enwrap cerebral blood vessels and respond to neuronal ac...
A privileged ER compartment for posttranslational heteromeric assembly of an ion channel
Mechanisms underlying heterotypic subunit assembly of ion channels and other oligomeric complexes are poorly understood. In the human heart, heteromeric assembly of two isoforms encoded by the...
Epigenetic cellular memory in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> generates phenotypic variation in response to host environments
Phenotypic diversification within pathogen populations can enhance survival in stressful environments, broaden niche colonization, and expand the ecological range of infectious diseases due to emergin...
Spin-informed universal graph neural networks for simulating magnetic ordering
The screening and discovery of magnetic materials are hindered by the computational cost of first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations required to find the ground state magnetic ord...
A circular RNA overcomes acquired resistance to BET inhibitors by antagonizing IGF2BP2-mediated c-MYC translation in TNBC
Bromodomain-and-extraterminal-domain (BET) proteins are promising therapeutic targets for refractory solid tumors, including triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, acquired resistance to BET i...
Gelated microvesicle–mediated delivery of mesenchymal stem cell mitochondria for the treatment of myocardial infarction
Mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to cardiomyocyte injury following myocardial infarction (MI). While mitochondrial transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy, challenges remain in...
Learning predictive signals within a local recurrent circuit
The predictive coding hypothesis proposes that top–down predictions are compared with incoming bottom–up sensory information, with prediction errors signaling the discrepancies between these inputs. W...
Cosmic ray–driven electron-induced reaction theory quantifies spatiotemporal variations in lower-stratospheric ozone and temperature
Cosmic rays (CRs) play an important role in affecting planetary and interstellar climate and environment. Here, we apply the CR–driven electron-induced reaction (CRE) theory of ozone depletion to obta...
Structural state governs the mechanism of shear-band propagation in metallic glasses
Shear bands (SBs) play a critical role in determining the mechanical behavior of metallic glasses (MGs). However, the rapid dynamics and highly localized nature of SB propagation present significant c...