Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Macroevolutionary changes in natural selection on codon usage reflect evolution of the tRNA pool across a budding yeast subphylum
Across taxonomical domains, synonymous codons of an amino acid are found to be used at unequal frequencies within genomes. This codon usage bias (CUB) is highly variable across species. Genome-wide CU...
The highly conserved C-terminal end segment of troponin T binds tropomyosin and actin to function in modulating contractile kinetics
The troponin (Tn) complex plays a central role in regulating striated muscle contraction and relaxation. Troponin T (TnT) and troponin I (TnI) are two of the three subunits of Tn, which have evolved f...
Onset of cavitation and vapor bubble development over hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces
Cavitation, the formation of vapor bubbles as the liquid pressure is reduced below the saturated vapor pressure, often requires a substantial negative relative pressure in a pure liquid. Classical nuc...
Comparing conventional and alternative mechanisms of discovering and accessing the scientific literature
This study compares the bibliographic and full-text coverage of 15 conventional and alternative discovery/access mechanisms: two multidisciplinary library databases (Scopus and the Web of Science Core...
Signal peptide–independent secretion of keratin-19 by pancreatic cancer cells
The exclusion of T cells causes immune escape of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). T cell exclusion is mediated by the interaction between CXCR4 on T cells and its ligand, CXCL12, which is compl...
The sediment transport mechanics driving lateral accretion in muddy meanders
The discovery of paleo-meanders on Mars and debates about the occurrence of meandering on prevegetation early Earth have stimulated field studies of channel morphology and deposit stratigraphy in arid...
FcγRIIIa is a noncanonical costimulatory molecule for CD8 T cells
A critical component of the function of IgG antibodies is their capacity to engage specialized cellular receptors, Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), expressed on effector leukocytes. Highlighting the importance...
Retraction for Ruby and Novick, Plasmid interactions in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> : Nonadditivity of compatible plasmid DNA pools
Correction for Napora et al., Subfossil bald cypress trees suggest localized, enduring effects of major climatic episodes on the Southeast Atlantic Coast of the United States
Clustered macrophages cooperate to eliminate tumors via coordinated intrudopodia
Macrophages often pervade solid tumors, and clusters of macrophages sometimes associate with longer survival of patients. However, clustering mechanisms and impacts on key functions such as phagocytos...
Identification of a VPS29 isoform with restricted association to Retriever and Retromer accessory proteins through autoinhibition
The endosomal–lysosomal network is a hub of organelles that orchestrate the dynamic sorting of hundreds of integral membrane proteins to maintain cellular homeostasis. VPS29 is a central conductor of...
The cultural construction of “executive function”
In cognitive science, the term “executive function” (EF) refers to universal features of the mind. Yet, almost all results described as measuring EF may actually reflect culturally specific cognitive...
Axonal pathology differentially affects human Purkinje cell subpopulations in the essential tremor cerebellum
The cerebellar cortex is organized into discrete regions populated by molecularly distinct Purkinje cells (PCs), the sole cortical output neurons. While studies in animal models have shown that PC sub...
Patchy harmonic functional connectivity of the mouse auditory cortex
Analyzing the functional connectivity of the brain is an enormous challenge, as deciphering functional connectivity requires knowledge of functional responses and connections. One promising strategy i...
Preservation bias obscures gradual Ordovician reef evolution
The fossil record often creates an illusion of sudden evolutionary bursts, which may reflect preservation biases rather than actual biological events. The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event (GO...
SpbR controls lipoteichoic acid length by directly inhibiting signal peptidase SpsB in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>
Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive pathogen that causes life-threatening infections. Its cell envelope contains anionic polymers called teichoic acids that are required for c...
Our changing information ecosystem for science and why it matters for effective science communication
Current information ecologies present unique opportunities to communicate science and engage diverse publics in science. Unfortunately, they also present unique challenges. Here, we outline how the pu...
15-PGDH inhibition preserves blood–brain barrier integrity and cognition
Transformative community-engaged science: Strengthening relationships between science and society
There is a critical need to strengthen science–society relationships—especially with historically marginalized communities—if we are to better and more equitably manage complicated, intertwined, globa...
Total synthesis and biological activity of “carbamorphine”: O-to-CH <sub>2</sub> replacement in the E-ring of the morphine core structure
Morphine is a µ-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist and potent analgesic. However, it displays several side effects including respiratory depression and addiction. Here, we show that a single heavy atom rep...
Barystatic sea level change observed by satellite gravimetry: 1993–2022
Using time-variable gravity fields determined from satellite laser ranging (SLR) and the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO), we derive three decades of bary...
Sleep duration and timing are associated with next-day physical activity: Insights from two large-scale wearable sensor studies
Sleep and physical activity (PA) are pillars of health. However, the temporal dynamics between these two behaviors remain poorly understood. This research aims to examine the independent and interacti...
Advanced synchrotron method reveals early molecular decomposition steps in a high-energy material
Prehistoric archives reveal evidence of predator loss and prey release in Caribbean reef fish communities
Understanding how humans have altered coral reef food webs remains challenging due to the absence of prehistoric baselines. Here, we use fish remains preserved in fossil and archaeological deposits fr...
In vivo directed evolution of an ultrafast Rubisco from a semianaerobic environment imparts oxygen resistance
Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) assimilation by the enzyme Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase (Rubisco) underpins biomass accumulation in photosynthetic bac...