Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
The human endogenous retroviral envelope HEMO protein interacts with BACE2: Novel partnership acquired in the primate lineage
Endogenous retroviruses (ERV) represent 8 to 10% of mammalian genome. While most ERV are defective, a few retroviral genes, such as the envelope syncytins, were exapted during evolution and likely con...
Interoception vs. Exteroception: Cardiac interoception competes with tactile perception, yet also facilitates self-relevance encoding
Internal bodily signals, notably the heartbeat, influence our perception of the external world—but the nature of this influence remains unclear. Different frameworks, originating in opposing views of...
LUMINIDEPENDENS orchestrates global transcriptional repression in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
Genomic integrity is constantly challenged by transcription/replication conflicts, a major source of replication stress and instability across all life forms. While extensive studies have elucidated m...
Glycoside hydrolase–mediated glucomannan catabolism in <i>Segatella copri</i> , a target of microbiota-directed foods for malnourished children
Evidence is emerging that perturbed postnatal gut microbiota development is causally related to childhood undernutrition. Clinical trials in undernourished Bangladeshi children found that a polysaccha...
RETRACTED: A targeted combination therapy achieves effective pancreatic cancer regression and prevents tumor resistance
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the lowest cancer survival rates. Recent studies using RAS inhibitors have opened the door to more efficacious therapies, although their beneficial e...
Intercellular diffusion of cyclic nucleotides followed by gap junction closure restarts meiosis in mouse preovulatory follicles
Signaling by luteinizing hormone (LH) in the outer granulosa cells of mammalian ovarian follicles causes meiosis to resume in the oocyte, located ~10 cell layers away, preparing the oocyte for ovulati...
Hot electron–driven tandem CO <sub>2</sub> reduction and propane dehydrogenation over plasmonic black gold nanoreactors
Catalytic CO 2 reduction into value-added products is an energy-intensive process and typically relies on molecular hydrogen as reductant. Coupling CO...
Structure of human green cone opsin yields insights into mechanisms underlying the rapid decay of its active, signaling state
Cone opsins enable daylight vision and color discrimination. Like their dim-light cousin rhodopsin (Rho) found in rod cells, they use a covalently attached retinal ligand to sense light and initiate v...
From toroids to helical tubules: Kirigami-inspired programmable assembly of two-periodic curved crystals from DNA origami
Biology is teeming with intricate molecular structures whose geometries are inextricably linked to their function. A prototypical example is the helical bacterial flagellum, a complex curved crystalli...
Nitric oxide promotes rapid development of motility to accelerate biofilm dispersal in <i> <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> </i>
Bacterial biofilms are resilient multicellular communities that underlie persistent infections and environmental survival. Dispersal from biofilms is a pivotal event for transmission and pathogenesis,...
The LFR-SWI/SNF complex: A chromatin wrench safeguarding cellular quiescence in the <i>Arabidopsis</i> root stem cell organizer
The quiescent center (QC) resides in a reversible G 0 state in which cells are not actively dividing and yet retain their proliferation competence upon stimulat...
Competition between Der1 and ERAD-M substrates controls Hrd1 complex function
Endoplasmic reticulum–associated degradation (ERAD) is a quality control process which removes misfolded proteins from the ER. The central component of the most conserved ERAD system is an integral me...
Control of encounter kinetics by chemically active droplets
Biomolecular condensates play a crucial role in the spatial organization of living matter. These membrane-less organelles, resulting from liquid–liquid phase separation, operate far from thermodynamic...
Systematic analysis of noncanonical ribosomal protein paralogs does not provide evidence for specialized functions in <i>Drosophila</i>
Ribosomes catalyze all protein synthesis, and mutations altering their levels and function underlie many developmental diseases and cancer. Historically considered to be invariant machines, ribosomes...
Endothelial cells sialylate IgG within the FcRn-mediated recycling pathway
IgG is a key to adaptive immunity and a critical platform for drug design. Sialic acid on the conserved glycan within the Fc domain is believed to promote anti-inflammatory IgG function; however, regu...
An Archean atmosphere rich in sulfur biomolecules
The abiotic production of sulfur-containing biomolecules under mild and globally relevant conditions has been an elusive endeavor in prebiotic chemistry experiments. As a result, a disconnect has emer...
Something from nothing: The birth of new phage defense genes
Warming from cold pools: A pathway for mesoscale organization to alter Earth’s radiation budget
Marine shallow cumulus clouds have long caused large uncertainty in climate projections. Such “trade cumuli” frequently organize into mesoscale (10 to 500 km) structures, through two processes that co...
Volcanic forcing of the Lomagundi–Jatuli carbon isotope excursion
The Lomagundi–Jatuli Event (LJE), Earth’s most pronounced and prolonged positive carbon isotope excursion, followed the Great Oxidation Event and remains enigmatic in origin. We present a Pb–Pb isochr...
S-cone-specific circuitry in the outer plexiform layer of a cone-dominant mammal
In the vertebrate retina, short wavelength-sensitive S-cones and their downstream interneurons play unique roles in both image forming and non-image-forming vision. Due to their conserved relative rar...
Genome of venomous caterpillar <i>Doratifera vulnerans</i> reveals recruitment of immune peptides and their adaptation as pain-inducing toxins
Gene duplication followed by adaptation to new selection pressures has been proposed to be of central importance in the evolution of venom toxins. Coupling high-quality genome data with quantitative b...
What does drive temporal variation in population size in mammalian species?
Control of renal calcium permeability via a tight junctional claudin switch
Tight junctions seal the paracellular space between epithelial cells, with their claudin (CLDN) composition dictating epithelial permeability properties. In kidney thick ascending limbs, calcium is re...
Subsistence fishing patterns near food deserts
Fisheries are critical for sustaining waterfront communities. However, subsistence fishing is not well understood in the United States, despite its potential contributions to health and culture. We pi...
Precancer exercise capacity and metabolism during tumor development coordinate the skeletal muscle–tumor metabolic competition
Higher exercise capacity and regular exercise training improve cancer prognosis at all stages of disease. However, the metabolic adaptations to aerobic exercise training that mediate tumor–host intera...