Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Thick filament molecular interfaces play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) variants in genes encoding the myosin heavy chain (MHC) ( MYH7 ), myosin light chains ( MYL2...
Targets for disease modification in schizophrenia: New findings add to evidence for the involvement of the immune complement system
ILK binding to β1 integrin is indirect and mediated by kindlin-2
Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and kindlin-2 (K2) are key components of focal adhesions (FAs) that regulate cell–matrix adhesion and integrin signaling. Both proteins directly bind each other, but how t...
Linking compromise and responsibility attribution to risky decision-making in dyadic foraging
From hunting to financial planning, many decisions are made under risk and alongside social partners whose decisions and outcomes are coupled with our own. Joint decision-making can create challenges,...
Ferment to survive: How an aerobic bacterium persists during hypoxia
Dynamic positioning of Rpc34 winged helix in RNA polymerase III elongation complex for its stability with implications for reinitiation
RNA polymerase III (Pol III) is specialized for the high-throughput synthesis of short RNAs, a capability linked to its unique TFIIE- and TFIIF-like subcomplexes that are stably associated through dif...
Evolution of quantitative traits with background selection
BetaDescribe: Providing rich descriptions from protein sequences
Deciphering protein function is fundamental to advancements in medicine and biotechnology. However, conventional experimental characterization remains resource-intensive. Public large language models...
A nucleic acid labeling chemistry reveals surface DNA on exosomes
Chemical labeling of nucleic acids is essential to pinpoint the structure, localization, and function of RNA and DNA. Yet, reversible sequence-independent chemistries that can label native RNA and DNA...
Hive mind: Microbial communities and the making of memory
1D domino-like phase transformation enables material programming in 2D MoTe <sub>2</sub>
Phase transformation is a fundamental phenomenon in nature, vital for both the scientific understanding and industrial applications of materials. The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) materials introd...
Training humans to detect AI-generated faces
As AI-generated faces become indistinguishable from real ones, deepfake technology poses escalating threats to information integrity and security. While algorithms can detect deepfakes, they suffer fr...
Multiscale characterization of the human claustrum from histology to MRI
The claustrum is a thin, bilateral structure embedded deep within the human brain. Its widespread cortical connectivity has motivated perhaps the broadest range of functional hypotheses of any subcort...
Correction for Mishra, Ecology is not yet ready for AI—and why that matters
Correction for Kristal et al., Signing at the beginning versus at the end does not decrease dishonesty
The dynamic genomes of <i>Salvinia</i> reshape our understanding of fern chromosome evolution
Ferns are well known for their exceptionally large genomes and high chromosome numbers, which may be in part due to whole genome duplications (WGDs) followed by slow diploidization. To better understa...
The mechanism for ligand activation of the Smoothened G protein–coupled receptor
The Smoothened (SMO) G protein–coupled receptor is a key part of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, and it is an oncoprotein that is an important target for understanding cancers such as basal cell...
The emergence of novel versus known three-dimensional structures from random sequences
It has been hypothesized that while random sequences are unlikely to fold into proteins of the length of globular proteins, repeated random sequences are more likely to adopt stably folded structures,...
A general framework for predicting the ecological effects of range expansions in marine systems
Warming global temperatures are driving species to shift beyond their historical geographic ranges into novel, expanded ranges, where they may have both positive and negative effects on recipient popu...
Genomic and structural evidence of SARS-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV in migratory birds
Migratory birds are the natural reservoir of influenza A virus (IAV), but their role as a carrier of SARS-CoV-2 remains unclear. Here, we report the identification of three almost full-length viral ge...
Evaluation of a proposed link between the SARS-CoV-2 furin cleavage site and mouse-adapted MERS-coronavirus MA30
The origin of the polybasic furin cleavage site (FCS) of SARS-CoV-2 remains a central question in debates on the emergence of COVID-19. One hypothesis proposes a genetic relationship between the SARS-...
Junctophilin-2-orchestrated calcium signalosome regulates brown adipocyte thermogenesis and energy metabolism
Dysfunctional adipocyte calcium handling is implicated in obesity and thermogenesis. Junctophilins (JPs) stabilize calcium microdomain junctions between the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum,...
Nucleotide diversity is a poor predictor of short-term adaptive potential
The capacity to adapt is essential for a population to avoid extinction in a changing world and is recognized as a global conservation priority. Adaptation requires additive (heritable) genetic variat...
Correction for Otsuki et al., Extracellular sulfatases support cartilage homeostasis by regulating BMP and FGF signaling pathways
WIP transcriptional regulators modulate developmental progression in both life cycle phases of a moss
The sexual life cycle of bryophytes and vascular plants, the two extant lineages of land plants, is dominated by a gametophytic and a sporophytic phase, respectively. Body plan diversification in thes...