Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Direct lysine dimethylation of IRF3 by the methyltransferase SMYD3 attenuates antiviral innate immunity
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is the key transcription factor in the type I IFN signaling pathway, whose activation is regulated by multiple posttranslational modifications. Here, we identify...
A histochemical approach to activity-based copper sensing reveals cuproplasia-dependent vulnerabilities in cancer
Copper is an essential nutrient for sustaining vital cellular processes spanning respiration, metabolism, and proliferation. However, loss of copper homeostasis, particularly misregulation of loosely...
Estimating realized relatedness in free-ranging macaques by inferring identity-by-descent segments
Biological relatedness is a key consideration in studies of behavior, population structure, and trait evolution. Except for parent–offspring dyads, pedigrees capture relatedness imperfectly. The numbe...
Specialization of the human hippocampal long axis revisited
The hippocampus possesses anatomical differences along its long axis. Here, we explored the functional specialization of the human hippocampal long axis using network-anchored precision functional MRI...
Tubulin detyrosination shapes <i>Leishmania</i> cytoskeletal architecture and virulence
Tubulin detyrosination has been implicated in various human disorders and is important for regulating microtubule dynamics. While in most organisms this modification is restricted to α-tubulin, in try...
The chromatin remodeler ADNP regulates neurodevelopmental disorder risk genes and neocortical neurogenesis
Although chromatin remodelers are among the most important risk genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), the roles of these complexes during brain development are in many cases uncle...
ADARp110 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via stabilization of CD24 mRNA
ADAR is highly expressed and correlated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), yet the role of its constitutive isoform ADARp110 in tumorigenesis remains elusive. We investigated the r...
Profile of Yosef Shiloh
The <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquito evolves two types of prophenoloxidases with diversified functions
Insect phenoloxidase, presented as an inactive precursor prophenoloxidase (PPO) in hemolymph, catalyzes melanin formation, which is involved in wound healing, pathogen killing, reversible oxygen colle...
High-resolution national radon maps based on massive indoor measurements in the United States
Radon, a common radioactive indoor air pollutant, is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States. Knowledge about its distribution is essential for risk assessment and designing effic...
Decoding the elite soccer player’s psychological profile
Soccer is arguably the most widely followed sport worldwide, and many dream of becoming soccer players. However, only a few manage to achieve this dream, which has cast a significant spotlight on elit...
Glyphosate exposure and GM seed rollout unequally reduced perinatal health
The advent of herbicide-tolerant genetically modified (GM) crops spurred rapid and widespread use of the herbicide glyphosate throughout US agriculture. In the two decades following GM-seeds’ introduc...
Cooperation between symbiotic partners through protein trafficking
Arctic soil carbon insulation averts large spring cooling from surface–atmosphere feedbacks
The insulative properties of soil organic carbon (SOC) and surface organic layers (moss, lichens, litter) regulate surface–atmosphere energy exchanges in the Arctic through a coupling with soil temper...
Expansion of a conserved architecture drives the evolution of the primate visual cortex
Human brain evolution is marked by a disproportionate expansion of cortical regions associated with advanced perceptual and cognitive functions. While this expansion is often attributed to the emergen...
A room temperature rechargeable Li–LiNO <sub>3</sub> battery with high capacity
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become advanced energy storage technologies; however, specific capacity remains limited by the active materials in cathodes. Here, we report Li–LiNO...
A divergent two-domain structure of the anti-Müllerian hormone prodomain
TGFβ family ligands are synthesized as precursors consisting of an N-terminal prodomain and C-terminal growth factor (GF) signaling domain. After proteolytic processing, the prodomain typically remain...
Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale
Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage ada...
Exercise intensity and training alter the innate immune cell type and chromosomal origins of circulating cell-free DNA in humans
Exercising regularly promotes health, but these benefits are complicated by acute inflammation induced by exercise. A potential source of inflammation is cell-free DNA (cfDNA), yet the cellular origin...
Codon bias, nucleotide selection, and genome size predict in situ bacterial growth rate and transcription in rewetted soil
In soils, the first rain after a prolonged dry period represents a major pulse event impacting soil microbial community function, yet we lack a full understanding of the genomic traits associated with...
The androgen clock is an epigenetic predictor of long-term male hormone exposure
Aging is a complex process characterized by biological decline and a wide range of molecular alterations to cells, including changes to DNA methylation. In this study, we used a male-specific epigenet...
Shifting equilibria in a warming boreal forest
State shifts in the deep Critical Zone drive landscape evolution in volcanic terrains
Volcanic provinces are among the most active but least well understood landscapes on Earth. Here, we show that the central Cascade arc, USA, exhibits systematic spatial covariation of topography and h...
Visual pigments underlie the sensitivity difference between day and night vision
Resolving electrochemically triggered topological defect dynamics and structural degradation in layered oxides
Understanding topological defects-controlled structural degradation of layered oxides—a key cathode material for high-performance lithium-ion batteries—plays a critical role in developing next-generat...