Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Reply to Krefeld-Schwalb et al.: Measuring population heterogeneity requires upholding good scientific practice

NPF binding to Arp2 is allosterically linked to the release of ArpC5’s N-terminal tail and conformational changes in Arp2/3 complex

Arp2/3 complex generates branched actin networks essential for numerous motile functions of the cell. It comprises seven subunits: actin-related proteins (Arps) 2 and 3 and five scaffolding subunits (...

Short-term exposure to filter-bubble recommendation systems has limited polarization effects: Naturalistic experiments on YouTube

An enormous body of literature argues that recommendation algorithms drive political polarization by creating “filter bubbles” and “rabbit holes.” Using four experiments with nearly 9,000 participants...

A limitation lifted: A conditional knockdown system reveals essential roles for Polo-like kinase and Aurora kinase 1 in <i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i> cell division

While advances in genome editing technologies have simplified gene disruption in many organisms, the study of essential genes requires development of conditional disruption or knockdown systems that a...

Toward equitable major histocompatibility complex binding predictions

Deep learning tools that predict peptide binding by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) proteins play an essential role in developing personalized cancer immunotherapies and vaccines. In order to e...

Tracking proteasome degradation: A cross-organ analysis via intact degradomics mass spectrometry

The proteasome is a multisubunit degradation machinery that is essential for maintaining protein homeostasis by breaking down unnecessary or damaged proteins into peptides. While most of these peptide...

Deep-water corals indicate the Red Sea survived the last glacial lowstand

The Red Sea, a nascent ocean basin connected to the Indian Ocean via a shallow strait, is assumed to have experienced significant environmental changes during the last glacial period due to a sea-leve...

OsNLP3 and OsPHR2 orchestrate direct and mycorrhizal pathways for nitrate uptake by regulating NAR2.1–NRT2s complexes in rice

Nitrogen (N) is the most important essential nutrient required by plants. Most land plants have evolved two N uptake pathways, a direct root pathway and a symbiotic pathway, via association with arbus...

A long-distance inhibitory system regulates haustoria numbers in parasitic plants

The ability of parasitic plants to withdraw nutrients from their hosts depends on the formation of an infective structure known as the haustorium. How parasites regulate their haustoria numbers is poo...

Options for student loan repayment matter

Agouti and BMP signaling drive a naturally occurring fate conversion of melanophores to leucophores in zebrafish

The often-distinctive pigment patterns of vertebrates are varied in form and function and depend on several types of pigment cells derived from embryonic neural crest or latent stem cells of neural cr...

Antagonizing <i>cis-</i> regulatory elements of a conserved flowering gene mediate developmental robustness

Developmental transitions require precise temporal and spatial control of gene expression. In plants, such regulation is critical for flower formation, which involves the progressive maturation of ste...

Reply to Jones et al.: Opportunities and considerations for valuing seagrass ecosystem services

A bacterial effector manipulates host lysosomal protease activity–dependent plasticity in cell death modalities to facilitate infection

Crosstalk between cell death programs confers appropriate host anti-infection immune responses, but how pathogens co-opt host molecular switches of cell death pathways to reprogram cell death modaliti...

Hypothalamic opsin 3 suppresses MC4R signaling and potentiates Kir7.1 to promote food consumption

Mammalian opsin 3 (OPN3) is a member of the opsin family of G-protein-coupled receptors with ambiguous light sensitivity. OPN3 was first identified in the brain (and named encephalopsin) and subsequen...

Structures and functions of the limited natural polyclonal antibody response to parvovirus infection

Host antibody responses are key components in the protection of animals against pathogens, yet the defining properties of viral antigens and induction of B cell responses that result in varied protect...

Adapting C ₄ photosynthesis to atmospheric change and increasing productivity by elevating Rubisco content in sorghum and sugarcane

Meta-analyses and theory show that with rising atmospheric [CO 2 ], Rubisco has become the greatest limitation to light-saturated leaf CO 2...

Early colonization of the deep-sea bottom—The protracted build-up of an ecosystem

Our understanding of the patterns and processes behind the evolution of deep-marine ecosystems is limited because the body-fossil record of the deep sea is poor. However, that gap in knowledge may be...

Correction for Luo et al., An acetyltransferase moonlights as a regulator of the RNA binding repertoire of the RNA chaperone Hfq in <i>Escherichia coli</i>

Correction for Rachuri et al., Mutational analysis of an antimalarial drug target, <i>Pf</i> ATP4

Correction for Borniego et al., Diverse plant RNAs coat <i>Arabidopsis</i> leaves and are distinct from apoplastic RNAs

Correction for Talukder et al., Olfaction with legs—Spiders use wall-pore sensilla for pheromone detection

Correction to Supporting Information for Chan and Fried: Structural stability and thermodynamics of artistic composition

Correction for Gao et al., Cold-blooded vertebrate utilizes behavioral fever to alleviate T cell apoptosis and optimize antimicrobial immunity

Identification of AK4 and RHOC as potential oncogenes addicted by adult T cell leukemia

Adult T cell leukemia (ATL) is a highly aggressive T cell malignancy characterized by human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. ATL has a very poor prognosis and lacks satisfactory treatm...