Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Soluble adenylyl cyclase in nonmammalian sperm is directly controlled by pH, not by HCO <sub>3</sub> <sup>−</sup> or Ca <sup>2+</sup>
In mammalian sperm, high HCO 3 − concentrations in semen and the oviduct activate soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC), which synthesizes cyclic A...
Friction-controlled reentrant aging and fluidization in granular materials
Granular materials densify under repeated mechanical perturbations, nonequilibrium dynamics that underlies many natural and industrial processes. Because granular relaxation is governed by frictional...
Lack of synergy between AR-targeted therapies and PARP inhibitors in homologous recombination–proficient prostate cancer
Recent clinical trials have explored the combination of androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as a potential treatment for cast...
Correction for Richter and Schneidman, Building the connectome of a small brain with a simple stochastic developmental generative model
The BK channel-NS1619 agonist complex reveals molecular insights into allosteric activation gating
BK channels play essential roles in a wealth of physiological functions, including regulating smooth muscle tone and neurotransmitter release. Its dysfunction, often caused by loss-of-function mutatio...
Olfactory inputs to appetite neurons in the hypothalamus
The sense of smell has potent effects on appetite, but the underlying neural pathways remain undefined. Here, we investigated how olfactory signals reach two subsets of appetite-linked (“appetite”) ne...
Correction for Choi et al., Antibody-mediated blockade for galectin-3 binding protein in tumor secretome abrogates PDAC metastasis
Correction for Coste, The Kinship Formula: Inferring the numbers of all kin from any structured population projection model
<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> phytochrome A sensory properties in canopy shade
Canopy shade environments can negatively impact plant growth and survival. Phytochrome A (phyA) is essential for seedling adaptation to deep shade, yet its role under moderate natural canopy condition...
Integrated mutational landscape analysis of endometrial stromal sarcoma
Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a rare uterine malignancy with limited treatment options. We performed integrated whole-genome, whole-exome, and transcriptome sequencing on 80 ESS tumors, compris...
Stress-homogenized spatial architectures via entropy-driven self-assembly enabling high-performance and durable lithium extraction
The global transition to sustainable energy demands efficient lithium extraction from brines. While electrochemical lithium extraction using LiMn 2 O...
Coordination of cell organelles to promote metabolon formation
The spatial coordination between cellular organelles and metabolic enzyme assemblies represents a fundamental mechanism for maintaining metabolic efficiency under stress. While previous work has shown...
A structural model of toxic amyloid oligomers involved in type 2 diabetes
Amyloid oligomers of the human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) are a likely cytotoxic species driving β-cell death in type 2 diabetes, but their transient nature has precluded atomic-level structura...
Subcellular mass spectrometry reveals proteome remodeling in an asymmetrically dividing (frog) embryonic stem cell
Subcellular proteomics maps protein localization within restricted domains of a cell, complementing high-resolution imaging by expanding the number of proteins that can be profiled at once. Achieving...
Targeted digital voter suppression efforts likely decrease voter turnout
In light of continued foreign interference in the US presidential elections, where undisclosed digital voter suppression advertising has been deployed, this study addresses the questions of who is exp...
Intercalated bacterial biofilms are intrinsic internal components of calcium-based kidney stones
Calcium oxalate stones comprise greater than 70% of all kidney stones. In the current conceptual framework, the initial stone nidus is thought to include the aggregation of inorganic crystallites, the...
Identifying variation in dinosaur footprints and classifying problematic specimens via unbiased unsupervised machine learning
Machine learning holds great promise for classifying and identifying fossils, and has recently been marshaled to identify trackmakers of dinosaur footprints and address long-standing debates over whet...
Airborne β-caryophyllene disrupts virus–vector mutualism by priming tomato defenses
Whiteflies pose a major threat to crops worldwide, primarily because they transmit begomoviruses with which they have evolved intricate mutualistic relationships. The mutualisms are known to exacerbat...
A temporal and spatial atlas of adaptive immune responses in the lymph node following viral infection
The spatial organization of adaptive immune cells within lymph nodes is critical for understanding immune responses during infection and disease. Here, we introduce AIR-SPACE, an integrative approach...
Baculoviruses hijack host midgut-derived tachykinin to regulate phototactic climbing behavior and promote viral transmission
Baculoviruses are large DNA viruses that mainly infect insects. During infection, viral egress from midgut cells and subsequent behavior changes lead to terminally infected insects migrating to higher...
Human gut microbiota and brain evolution
Behavioral tuning of spider silk thread stiffness circumvents biomaterial trade-offs
Biological polymers often face a trade-off between stiffness, strength, and extensibility: Materials that are strong and stiff tend to be brittle, while those that are elastic and extensible usually l...
Large declines in organofluorine contamination indicated by subarctic marine mammal tissues
The ocean is thought to be the terminal sink for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), persistent organofluorine chemicals used widely in modern commerce for decades. Industry and stewardship pr...
Oligomeric assembly of the gatekeeper InvE orchestrates hierarchical type III protein secretion in <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium
Type III secretion systems (T3SS) are critical virulence machines in many Gram-negative bacteria, enabling hierarchical secretion of translocases followed by effectors. In the...
Mammals that can develop type 2 diabetes have a similarly structured β-sheet amyloid oligomer
Some mammals develop amyloid plaques and type 2 diabetes, much like humans, depending on the sequence of their islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP). In humans, IAPP forms a toxic oligomer with a parallel...