Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Absolute hand determination of glycofibrils from natural sources in cryo-EM
Glycans are not only one of the four fundamental macromolecular classes that constitute life, but also the most abundant among these four across the Earth. However, compared with proteins and nucleic...
In the wake of USAID cuts, we can create a Demographic and Health Survey Program founded on more equitable data infrastructure and stronger research integrity
Terrestrial ecosystem nitrogen cycling in response to field warming: Global patterns and future trends
Nitrogen cycling regulates terrestrial ecosystem productivity and carbon sequestration, yet its response to climate warming remains uncertain. Here, we compiled the most comprehensive dataset to date,...
Efficient evaluation of optical quantum modules via two-photon high-dimensional interference
The rapid advancement of quantum information technology has increased the demand for precise testing and calibration of quantum modules, especially in optical quantum circuits where module reliability...
Phenotypic CRISPR screens identify NLRX1 as an essential activator of the human mitochondrial permeability transition
The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is an evolutionarily conserved destructive process that permeabilizes the inner mitochondrial membrane in response to calcium overload. The molecular me...
Differential disease tolerance mediates sex-biased illness severity in sepsis
Sepsis in humans, as well as mouse models of infection, demonstrates sex-biased outcomes in which males tend to have a higher incidence, higher severity, and higher mortality compared to females. Desp...
Class-I myosin responds to changes in membrane tension during clathrin-mediated endocytosis in human induced pluripotent stem cells
Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is an essential cellular process that needs to operate efficiently across a wide range of conditions. Internalization of the endocytic site involves forces generate...
An accurate and efficient framework for modeling multimetal competitive adsorption on clay minerals
Multiple toxic metal elements usually coexist and thus their competitive adsorption always occurs in natural and engineered clay-rich systems. Currently, however, the competitive adsorption mechanisms...
Academic journals’ AI policies fail to curb the surge in AI-assisted academic writing
The rapid integration of generative AI into academic writing has prompted widespread policy responses from journals and publishers. However, the effectiveness of these policies remains unclear. Here,...
mtDNA leakage promotes neuron–glia crosstalk to induce epilepsy by cGAS–STING-driven neuroinflammation and serine metabolic reprogramming
Epilepsy is increasingly recognized as a disorder involving metabolic dysregulation beyond neural hyperexcitability, yet the underlying metabolic mechanisms remain poorly defined. Here, we identify a...
Transmission lowers US generation costs, but generator incentives are not aligned
The US electricity grid is rapidly evolving with the entry of low-cost renewable electricity. As a result, new supply is not spatially matched to demand, and the transmission network has become more s...
Bilingual language processing relies on shared semantic representations that are modulated by each language
Billions of people throughout the world are bilingual, and they can extract meaning from multiple languages. While some evidence suggests that there is a shared system in the human brain for processin...
Understanding human metacontrol and its pathologies using deep neural networks
Error monitoring is crucial for inferring how controllable an environment is, and thus for estimating the value of control processes (metacontrol). In this study, we use computational simulations with...
Human oncogenic herpesvirus latency proteins activate NEK2 to promote chromosomal instability and tumorigenesis
Never in mitosis A (NIMA)-related kinase 2 (NEK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation and is frequently induced across multiple cancer types, where its elev...
School shootings and the strategic contributions of gun policy PACs in US House elections
The American public consistently supports stricter gun laws. We show that the gun lobby is most concerned that this support will translate into federal legislative action when fatal school shootings o...
Aerophilic debubbling
Gas bubbles frequently accumulate at liquid interfaces, compromising throughput, selectivity, and stability across scales from microfluidics to natural ecosystems. Here, we experimentally show that hi...
The Nemp1–Nesprin complex mediates cellular responses to matrix mechanics
Nuclear Envelope Membrane Protein 1 (NEMP1) is crucial for metazoan fertility; loss of Nemp1 causes death of primordial oocytes that reside in the mechanically challenging ovarian cortex. Here, we sho...
Multispecies analysis of social effects on same-sex sexual behavior challenges mistaken identity hypotheses in insects
Same-sex sexual behavior (SSB) in insects has historically been considered a byproduct of sex recognition failure, or “mistaken identity,” and consideration of other hypotheses lags behind that of ver...
Uniqueness and predictability in evolution and the history of mollusks
Evolution is a historical process whose trajectories are determined in part by the introduction of new phenotypes. Although most phenotypes have evolved repeatedly within and among clades of organisms...
Correction for Liao et al., Noncanonical genetic markers resolve the pre-GOE emergence of aerobic bacteria in Earth’s history
Reply to Kardosh and Sklar: Prioritizing domain-general explanations of misperception
Reactive oxygen species–resistant ultrastable super-resolution DNA framework dots
Nanoconfinement as observed in natural (e.g. green fluorescent protein, GFP) or artificial (metal-organic or covalent organic frameworks) systems effectively modulates chemical and physical properties...
Correction for Camacho et al., Coral species from another ocean may be the only way to save Caribbean reefs
Glycosylation of glyphosate drives residue reduction and herbicide tolerance in rice
Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide globally, especially due to the extensive cultivation of genetically modified glyphosate-resistant crops. However, its intensive application has raised pub...
Humans 40,000 y ago developed a system of conventional signs
As humans, we store and share information. This allows us to distribute knowledge necessary for survival and to coordinate large groups. Our hominin ancestors harnessed the surfaces of mobile artifact...