Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Partial PdAu nanoparticle embedding into TiO <sub>2</sub> support accentuates catalytic contributions from the Au/TiO <sub>2</sub> interface
Despite the broad catalytic relevance of metal–support interfaces, controlling their chemical nature, the interfacial contact perimeter (exposed to reactants), and consequently, their contributions to...
CryoEM structure of an MHC-I/TAPBPR peptide-bound intermediate reveals the mechanism of antigen proofreading
Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) proteins play a pivotal role in adaptive immunity by displaying epitopic peptides to CD8+ T cells. The chaperones tapasin and TAPBPR promote the select...
Nonapoptotic role of EGL-1 in exopher production and neuronal health in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
While traditionally studied for their proapoptotic functions in activating the caspase, research suggests BH3-only proteins also have other roles such as mitochondrial dynamics regulation. Here, we fi...
Multiplicity of type 6 secretion system toxins limits the evolution of resistance
The bacterial type 6 secretion system (T6SS) is a toxin-injecting nanoweapon that mediates competition in plant- and animal-associated microbial communities. Bacteria can evolve de novo resistance aga...
Structural basis for TIR domain–mediated innate immune signaling by Toll-like receptor adaptors TRIF and TRAM
Innate immunity relies on Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The TIR (Toll/interleukin-1 receptor) domain-containing TLR adaptors TRIF (TIR domain–containing...
Anti-CTLA-4 generates greater memory response than anti-PD-1 via TCF-1
The effects of T cell differentiation arising from immune checkpoint inhibition targeting cytotoxic T lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on the immunol...
Epistatic hotspots organize antibody fitness landscape and boost evolvability
The course of evolution is strongly shaped by interaction between mutations. Such epistasis can yield rugged sequence–function maps and constrain the availability of adaptive paths. While theoretical...
Strong, ductile, and hierarchical hetero-lamellar-structured alloys through microstructural inheritance and refinement
The strength−ductility trade-off exists ubiquitously, especially in brittle intermetallic-containing multiple principal element alloys (MPEAs), where the intermetallic phases often induce premature fa...
Mutational analysis of an antimalarial drug target, <i>Pf</i> ATP4
Among new antimalarials discovered over the past decade are multiple chemical scaffolds that target Plasmodium falciparum P-type ATPase ( Pf...
Hidden domain boundary dynamics toward crystalline perfection
A central paradigm of nonequilibrium physics concerns the dynamics of heterogeneity and disorder, impacting processes ranging from the behavior of glasses to the emergent functionality of active matte...
PKM2 controls cochlear development through lactate-dependent transcriptional regulation
Understanding the role of metabolic processes during inner ear development is essential for identifying targets for hair cell (HC) regeneration, as metabolic choices play a crucial role in cell prolif...
Engaging dystonia networks with subthalamic stimulation
Deep brain stimulation is an efficacious treatment for dystonia. While the internal pallidum serves as the primary target, recently, stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been investigated....
Turbulence in the tropical stratosphere, equatorial Kelvin waves, and the quasi-biennial oscillation
The tropical stratosphere is the gateway to the global stratosphere and a commonly proposed location for solar geoengineering. The dynamics of this remote and difficult to observe region are poorly un...
Microbes could convert industrial wastewater into ecofriendly products
BK channels mediate a presynaptic form of mGluR-LTD in the neonatal hippocampus
BK channels can control neuronal function, but their functional relevance in activity-dependent changes of synaptic function remains elusive. Here, we report that repetitive low-frequency stimulation...
Superconducting critical temperature elevated by intense magnetic fields
Below a critical temperature T c...
An organic electrochemical neuron for a neuromorphic perception system
Human perception systems are highly refined, relying on an adaptive, plastic, and event-driven network of sensory neurons. Drawing inspiration from Nature, neuromorphic perception systems hold tremend...
The single-stranded DNA–binding factor SUB1/PC4 alleviates replication stress at telomeres and is a vulnerability of ALT cancer cells
To achieve replicative immortality, cancer cells must activate telomere maintenance mechanisms. In 10 to 15% of cancers, this is enabled by recombination-based alternative lengthening of telomeres pat...
The cGAS–STING, p38 MAPK, and p53 pathways link genome instability to accelerated cellular senescence in ATM-deficient murine lung fibroblasts
Ataxia–telangiectasia (A-T) is a pleiotropic genome instability syndrome resulting from the loss of the homeostatic protein kinase ATM. The complex phenotype of A-T includes progressive cerebellar deg...
Evolutionary adaptation under climate change: <i>Aedes</i> sp. demonstrates potential to adapt to warming
Climate warming is expected to shift the distributions of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases, promoting expansions at cool range edges and contractions at warm range edges. However, whether mosqui...
Monofluorinated acetal electrolyte for high-performance lithium metal batteries
High degree of fluorination for ether electrolytes has resulted in improved cycling stability of lithium metal batteries due to stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation and good oxidative s...
APOBEC3A deaminates CTG hairpin loops to promote fragility and instability of expanded CAG/CTG repeats
CAG/CTG repeats are prone to expansion, causing several inherited human diseases. The initiating sources of DNA damage which lead to inaccurate repair of the repeat tract to cause expansions are not f...
Synthesis of ethane from CO <sub>2</sub> by a methyl transferase–inspired molecular catalyst
Molecular catalysts with a single metal center are reported to reduce CO 2 to a wide range of valuable single-carbon products like CO, HCOOH, CH...
Exome sequencing identifies genes for socioeconomic status in 350,770 individuals
Socioeconomic status (SES) is a critical factor in determining health outcomes and is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. However, our understanding of the genetic structure of SES remain...
Escalation of genome defense capacity enables control of an expanding meiotic driver
From RNA interference to chromatin silencing, diverse genome defense pathways silence selfish genetic elements to safeguard genome integrity. Despite their diversity, different defense pathways share...