Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Radiation-induced cellular plasticity primes glioblastoma for forskolin-mediated differentiation
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest brain cancer in adults, and all patients succumb to the tumor. While surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy delays disease progression, these treatments do not lead...
Leaky ribosomal scanning enables tunable translation of bicistronic ORFs in green algae
Advances in sequencing technology have unveiled examples of nucleus-encoded polycistrons, once considered rare. Exclusively polycistronic transcripts are prevalent in green algae, although the mechani...
A spectral machine learning approach to derive central aortic pressure waveforms from a brachial cuff
Analyzing cardiac pulse waveforms offers valuable insights into heart health and cardiovascular disease risk, although obtaining the more informative measurements from the central aorta remains challe...
Empowering genome-wide association studies via a visualizable test based on the regional association score
The genome-wide association studies identified genes associated with many diseases, but the identification and verification of disease variants are still challenging due to small effects and large num...
Bipartite binding of the intrinsically disordered scaffold protein JIP1 to the kinase JNK1
Scaffold proteins are key players in many signaling pathways where they ensure spatial and temporal control of molecular interactions by simultaneous tethering of multiple signaling components. The pr...
Policy options for the drug pricing conundrum
Current proposals aimed at reducing U.S. pharmaceutical prices would have immediate benefits (particularly for low-income and elderly populations), but could dramatically reduce firms’ investment in p...
Direct control of electron spin at an intrinsically chiral surface for highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic media suffers from sluggish kinetics, primarily due to the spin-dependent electron transfer involved. The direct generation of spin-polarized electrons at...
Computational biology predicts metabolic engineering targets for increased production of 103 valuable chemicals in yeast
Development of efficient cell factories that can compete with traditional chemical production processes is complex and generally driven by case-specific strategies, based on the product and microbial...
Ectopic mouse TMC1 and TMC2 alone form mechanosensitive channels that are potently modulated by TMIE
The mechanotransduction (MT) channel expressed in cochlear and vestibular hair cells converts the mechanical stimulation of sound and head movements into electrochemical signals. Recently, TMC1 and TM...
Chiral structural color from microdomes
Artificial chiral-structural-color materials can carry high-dimensional information based on multiple optical degrees of freedom, providing possibilities for advanced optical security and information...
O-GalNAc glycans are enriched in neuronal tracts and regulate nodes of Ranvier
Protein O-glycosylation is a critical modification in the brain, as genetic variants in the pathway are associated with common and severe neuropsychiatric phenotypes. However, little is known about th...
Emergent quantum state unveiled by ultrafast collective dynamics in 1 <i>T</i> -TaS <sub>2</sub>
Charge density wave (CDW) material 1 T -TaS 2 was proposed as a quantum spin liquid candidate, on which a cluster Mott i...
Critical fragility in sociotechnical systems
Sociotechnical systems, where technological and human elements interact in a goal-oriented manner, provide important functional support to our societies. Here, we draw attention to the underappreciate...
NOTCH, ERK, and SHH signaling respectively control the fate determination of cortical glia and olfactory bulb interneurons
During cortical development, radial glial cells (neural stem cells) initially are neurogenic, generating intermediate progenitor cells that exclusively produce glutamatergic pyramidal neurons. Next, r...
Linking DNA-packing density distribution and TAD boundary locations
DNA is heterogeneously packaged into chromatin, which is further organized into topologically associating domains (TADs) with sharp boundaries. These boundary locations are critical for genome regulat...
Protective role of parenthood on age-related brain function in mid- to late-life
The experience of human parenthood is near ubiquitous and can profoundly alter one’s body, mind, and environment. However, we know very little about the long-term neural effects of parenthood for pare...
Van der Waals quantum dots on layered hexagonal boron nitride
Semiconductor quantum dots (QD) promise unique electronic, optical, and chemical properties, which can be exquisitely tuned by controlling the composition, size, and morphology. Semiconductor QDs have...
Measuring criticism of the police in the local news media using large language models
High-profile incidents of police violence against Black citizens over the past decade have spawned contentious debates in the United States on the role of police. This debate has played out prominentl...
Innovation in ant larval feeding facilitated queen–worker divergence and social complexity
Building differences between genetically equivalent units is a fundamental challenge for all multicellular organisms and superorganisms. In ants, reproductive or worker fate is typically determined du...
pTDP-43 levels correlate with cell type–specific molecular alterations in the prefrontal cortex of <i>C9orf72</i> ALS/FTD patients
Repeat expansions in the C9orf72 gene are the most common genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and familial frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD). To iden...
The RNA-binding protein RBPMS inhibits smooth muscle cell–driven vascular remodeling in atherosclerosis and vascular injury
Atherosclerosis and vessel wall trauma induce vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation, leading to plaque cap growth and postintervention restenosis. Our systems biology approach ident...
A bipartite interaction with the processivity clamp potentiates Pol IV-mediated TLS
Processivity clamps mediate polymerase switching for translesion synthesis (TLS). All three Escherichia coli TLS polymerases interact with the β...
Weakening AMOC reduces ocean carbon uptake and increases the social cost of carbon
A weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) has been found to be globally beneficial by economic assessments. This result emerges because AMOC weakening would cool the Northe...
Thiopurine therapy enhances immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in low-mutational burden melanoma: A promising anticancer approach
A key limitation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) therapy is their reduced efficacy toward cancers with a low tumor mutational burden (TMB). Since low-TMB tumors express fewer neoantigens, they a...