Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Stathmin-2 enhances motor axon regeneration after injury independent of its binding to tubulin
Stathmin-2 (also known as SCG10 ) is encoded by the STMN2 gene, whose mRNA is one of the most abundantly expressed in hu...
Pattern formation along signaling gradients driven by active droplet behavior of cell swarms
Gradients of extracellular signals organize cells in tissues. Although there are several models for how gradients can pattern cell behavior, it is not clear how cells react to gradients when the popul...
Population size interacts with reproductive longevity to shape the germline mutation rate
Mutation rates vary across the tree of life by many orders of magnitude, with fewer mutations occurring each generation in species that reproduce quickly and maintain large effective population sizes....
Physical exercise activates a PVN–NAc oxytocin circuit to relieve stress-induced depressive-like behaviors
Physical exercise is known to reduce depression, but the underlying brain mechanisms remain unclear. Based on a chronic restraint stress model in mice, we showed that 4-wk treadmill exercise profoundl...
Click-constructed modular signal aptamer chimeras enable receptor-independent degradation of membrane proteins
Cell-membrane proteins are critical mediators of signal transduction, playing essential roles in disease occurrence and progression. The emerging LYTACs (Lysosome-targeting chimeras) technology combin...
Empowering safer socially sensitive autonomous vehicles using human-plausible cognitive encoding
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) will soon cruise our roads as a global undertaking. Beyond completing driving tasks, AVs are expected to incorporate ethical considerations into their operation. However, a c...
Induction of the ISR by AB5 subtilase cytotoxin drives type-I IFN expression in pDCs via STING activation
We demonstrate that exposure to the AB5 subtilase cytotoxin (SubAB) induces the unfolded protein response (UPR) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, concomitant with a proinflammatory response...
Imaging a concussion and the ensuing immune response at the blood–brain barrier
Concussions can cause debilitating symptoms despite no evidence of structural changes on diagnostic imaging. The cellular events occurring in the brain parenchyma following concussion, especially repe...
Framework to identify innovative sources of value creation from platform technologies
Platform technologies are fundamentally reshaping the pharmaceutical industry, offering unprecedented potential for innovation across multiple therapeutic areas. However, traditional valuation models,...
A tethering mechanism underlies Pin1-catalyzed proline <i>cis–trans</i> isomerization at a noncanonical site
The prolyl isomerase Pin1 catalyzes the cis – trans isomerization of proline peptide bonds, a noncovalent posttranslatio...
Identification of the lydiamycin biosynthetic gene cluster in a plant pathogen guides structural revision and identification of molecular target
The natural products actinonin and matlystatin feature an N -hydroxy-2-pentyl-succinamyl (HPS) chemophore that facilitates metal chelation and confers their met...
A circuit model for transsaccadic space updating and mislocalization
We perceive a stable, continuous world despite drastic changes of retinal images across saccades. However, while persistent objects in daily life appear stable...
Immune perturbation by the ileal microbiota in multiple sclerosis
AI assistance improves people’s ability to distinguish correct from incorrect eyewitness lineup identifications
Mistaken eyewitness identification is one of the leading causes of false convictions. Improving law enforcement’s ability to identify correct identifications could have profound implications for crimi...
Food Rx: Integrating horticulture research to improve nutrition and health
It is clear that the escalating epidemic of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes has reached a crisis level in the United States, that overweight and obesity are drivers, and that diets and the food...
Little bites out of a big reef problem
Barremian tricolpate pollen from Portugal—New evidence for the age of eudicot-related angiosperms
New evidence on the timing of early angiosperm evolution is presented through the discovery of four well-dated tricolpate pollen grains from the Early Cretaceous midlatitudes. Recovered from nearshore...
Resonant valence bond Coulomb phase: From spins to phonons
Loss of insulin signaling in microglia impairs cellular uptake of Aβ and neuroinflammatory response exacerbating AD-like neuropathology
Insulin receptors are present on cells throughout the body, including the brain. Dysregulation of insulin signaling in neurons and astrocytes has been implicated in altered mood, cognition, and the pa...
The GRAS protein RAM1 interacts with WRI transcription factors to regulate plant genes required for arbuscule development and function
During arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) symbiosis AM fungi form tree-shaped structures called arbuscules in root cortex cells of host plants. Arbuscules and their host cells are central for reciprocal nutri...
Inferring neural population codes for <i>Drosophila</i> acoustic communication
Social communication between animals is often mediated by sequences of acoustic signals, sometimes spanning long timescales. How auditory neural circuits respond to extended input sequences to guide b...
Near-zero photon bioimaging by fusing deep learning and ultralow-light microscopy
Enhancing the reliability and reproducibility of optical microscopy by reducing specimen irradiance continues to be an important biotechnology target. As irradiance levels are reduced, however, the pa...
Physical activity stimulates clock neurons of the day-active rodent <i>Arvicanthis ansorgei</i>
Our biological clock, located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), controls behavioral activity rhythms by producing circadian rhythms in SCN electrical activity. Behavioral studies in humans suggest...
Cave records reveal recent origin of North America’s deepest canyon
We explore how and when Hells Canyon, North America’s deepest river gorge (~2,400 m deep), formed, addressing these fundamental questions first posed by W. Lindgren [ The Gold Belt...