Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Efficiently quantifying dependence in massive scientific datasets using InterDependence Scores
Large-scale scientific datasets today contain tens of thousands of random variables across millions of samples (for example, the RNA expression levels of 20,000 protein-coding genes across 30 million...
Tuning water dissociation at oxide–electrolyte interfaces with electric fields
Understanding how electric fields influence water dissociation at heterogeneous interfaces is crucial for controlling interfacial chemical reactions and advancing next-generation energy technologies....
Monoamine-induced diacylglycerol signaling rapidly accumulates Unc13 in nanoclusters for fast presynaptic potentiation
Neuromodulators control mood, arousal, and behavior by inducing synaptic plasticity via G-protein-coupled receptors. While long-term presynaptic potentiation requires structural changes, mechanisms en...
Macrophage TBK1 signaling drives the development and outgrowth of breast cancer brain metastasis
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the predominant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment that promote breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM). Here, we identify TANK-binding kinase (TBK1) as a...
Future winters promise less snow, more rain. Nobody’s prepared
Fragmentation signatures in cancer patients resemble those of patients with vascular or autoimmune diseases
Multiple case-controlled studies have shown that analyzing fragmentation patterns in plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) can distinguish individuals with cancer from healthy controls. However, there have bee...
Factors underlying a latitudinal gradient in the S/G lignin monomer ratio in natural poplar variants
The chemical composition of wood plays a pivotal role in the adaptability and structural integrity of trees. However, few studies have investigated the environmental factors that determine lignin comp...
Object-directed action representations are componentially built in parietal cortex
The inferior parietal lobule supports action representations that are necessary to grasp and use objects in a functionally appropriate manner [S. H. Johnson-Frey, Trends Cogn. Sci....
Minimizing and quantifying uncertainty in AI-informed decisions: Applications in medicine
AI is now a cornerstone of modern dataset analysis. In many real world applications, practitioners are concerned with controlling specific kinds of errors, rather than minimizing the overall number of...
N <sup>6</sup> -methyladenine modification of DNA enhances RecA-mediated homologous recombination
Both DNA methylation and homologous recombination (HR) are extensively studied. In bacteria, Dam methylation is the most studied DNA modification, while RecA-mediated HR is a primary mechanism to repa...
CO <sub>2</sub> hydration at the air–water interface: A surface-mediated “in-and-out” mechanism
An understanding of the CO 2 + H 2 O hydration reaction is crucial for modeling the effects of ocean acidification, for...
G-quadruplex stabilization induces DNA breaks in pericentromeric repetitive DNA sequences in B lymphocytes
DNA secondary G-quadruplex (G4) structures can impair and even obstruct DNA replication. Defects in processing G4 structures are associated with replication stress, a common property of both B cell ca...
A β-cap on the FliPQR protein-export channel acts as the cap for initial flagellar rod assembly
The FliPQR complex constitutes a channel for export of the flagellar proteins involved in axial structure assembly. It also serves as a template for the assembly of the rod structure, which consists o...
Correction for Pan et al., β-Catenin regulates myogenesis by relieving I-mfa-mediated suppression of myogenic regulatory factors in P19 cells
Protein functional site annotation using local structure embeddings
The rapid expansion of protein sequence and structure databases has resulted in a significant number of proteins with ambiguous or unknown function. While advances in machine learning techniques hold...
Evolution of developmental bias explains divergent patterns of phenotypic evolution in two nematode clades
Rates of phenotypic evolution vary across traits, and these evolutionary patterns themselves evolve. Understanding how development contributes to such patterns remains a challenge because it requires...
Cancer cells subvert the primate-specific KRAB zinc finger protein ZNF93 to control APOBEC3B
ZNF93 is a primate-restricted Krüppel-associated box zinc finger protein responsible for repressing 20- to 12-My-old L1 transposable elements. Here, we reveal that ZNF93 also regulates the key cancer...
Programmable immunoprobiotics orchestrate antitumor immune response with Pin1 inhibition for pancreatic cancer treatment
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive cancer with limited treatment options due to its desmoplastic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which impedes drug deli...
Amazonian and Andean tree communities are not tracking current climate warming
Climate change is shifting species distributions, leading to changes in community composition and novel species assemblages worldwide. However, the responses of tropical forests to climate change acro...
Metabolomics navigates natural variation in pathogen-induced secondary metabolism across soybean cultivar populations
Phytophthora soja e-induced root rot poses a major threat to soybean production. While the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean– P. sojae...
Opposing action of photosystem II assembly factors RBD1 and HCF136 underlies light-regulated <i>psbA</i> translation in plant chloroplasts
The D1 subunit of photosystem II (PSII) is subject to light-induced damage. In plants, D1 photodamage activates translation of chloroplast psbA mRNA encoding D1...
Efficient neural encoding as revealed by bilingualism
The remarkable human capacity for bilingual and multilingual acquisition raises fundamental questions about how the brain develops efficient systems for processing multiple languages. In this study, w...
Action-type mapping principles extend beyond evolutionarily conserved actions, even in people born without hands
How are actions represented in the motor system? Although the sensorimotor system is broadly organized somatotopically, higher-level sensorimotor areas encode action-type information for reaching and...
Profitable third-party punishment destabilizes cooperation
Third-party punishment is theorized by some scholars to be essential to the evolution of large-scale cooperation, but empirically, it often fails to bring about its desired effects. Here, we suggest t...
Soil eDNA reflects regionally dominant species rather than local composition of tropical tree communities
Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly used for biodiversity monitoring, but validation of the spatial scale(s) at which eDNA reflects extant communities is scarce, particularly in tropical forests:...