Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Articles in this Issue
Microbial conservation is essential for sustaining ecosystem functions and services
Does AI help humans make better decisions? A statistical evaluation framework for experimental and observational studies
The use of AI, or more generally data-driven algorithms, has become ubiquitous in today’s society. Yet, in many cases and especially when stakes are high, humans still make final decisions. The critic...
Correction for Bender et al., Differential representations of spatial location by aperiodic and alpha oscillatory activity in working memory
Employing deep mutational scanning in the <i>Escherichia coli</i> periplasm to decode the thermodynamic landscape for amyloid formation
Deep mutational scanning (DMS) assays provide a powerful method to generate large-scale datasets essential for advancing AI-driven predictions in biology. The tripartite β-lactamase assay (TPBLA), in...
Remembering ecologist Margaret Bryan Davis (1931–2024)
Margaret Bryan Davis, a prominent ecologist, died on May 22, 2024. She was a Regents Professor at the University of Minnesota and a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Her students remember he...
Correction for Berenbaum, Political and biological reality checks
Phonons in electron crystals with Berry curvature
Recent advances in 2D materials featuring nonzero Berry curvature have inspired extensions of the Wigner crystallization paradigm. This paper derives a low-energy effective theory for such quantum cry...
Correction for Loop Yao et al., Synergistic action of specialized metabolites from divergent biosynthesis in the human oral microbiome
Endothelial αvβ3 integrin induction during hypoxia protects blood–brain barrier integrity
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is critical for maintaining cerebral homeostasis, and its deterioration with age is an important pathogenic factor in the etiology of vascular dementia. Extracellular mat...
Pseudouridine prevalence in Kaposi’s sarcoma–associated herpesvirus transcriptome reveals an essential mechanism for viral replication
Pseudouridylation is a prevalent RNA modification occurring in transfer RNAs (tRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small non-coding RNAs (snoRNAs), and has been most recently identified in mRNAs and lncRNA...
<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> σ <sup>A</sup> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> σ <sup>70</sup> lacking σ region 1.1 are not released during transcription initiation and elongation
A “σ cycle” in which the initiation factor σ associates with RNA polymerase (RNAP) core enzyme to permit transcription initiation and dissociates from RNAP core enzyme to permit transcription elongati...
Distinct timescales dissociate spontaneous thought dimensions
Our spontaneous thoughts encompass various dimensions, such as task-relatedness (off vs. on task), and thought orientation (internal vs. external). However, their distinction remains unclear. Our stud...
Discovering neural elastoplasticity from kinematic observations
Inferring accurate and precise material models necessary for high-fidelity predictions has been a central challenge in constitutive modeling. Both traditional regression methods and modern machine-lea...
Characterization of <i>Sr</i> UGT76G4 reveals a key residue for regioselectivity and efficient Reb M synthesis
Steviol glycosides (SGs) from Stevia rebaudiana are prized as noncaloric sweeteners, with rebaudioside M (Reb M)—a next-generation SG known for its sucrose-like...
Correction for Leprevost et al., A widespread family of ribosomal peptide metallophores involved in bacterial adaptation to metal stress
Experimental evidence for the continuous transition between elastic and elastoinertial turbulence
Elastic turbulence (ET) and elastoinertial turbulence (EIT) of viscoelastic fluids are unique flow states with features distinct from the inertial turbulence of Newtonian fluids. Whether these two sta...
Spatiotemporal mapping of alloy mesostructure dynamics via multimodal coherent X-ray diffraction imaging
Understanding mesoscale structural dynamics of precipitation-strengthened alloys is essential for optimizing the mechanical performances of these alloys. Herein, we establish a multimodal coherent X-r...
Designers join scientists to make living architecture a reality
Kupffer cells are essential for platelet-mediated thrombopoietin generation in the liver
Thrombopoietin (TPO), predominantly produced by the liver, is the key regulator for platelet production and the hematopoietic stem cell niche. Our earlier report demonstrated that platelet GPIbα is re...
Correction for Mitani et al., Microscopic and structural observations of actin filament capping and severing by cytochalasin D
An open-source photobleacher for fluorescence imaging of large pigment-rich tissues
Fluorescence imaging enables visualization of the specific molecules of interest with high contrast, and the use of multiple fluorophores in a single tissue sample allows visualization of complex rela...
Intercellular propagation of RIPK1/RIPK3 amyloid fibrils
The canonical necrosome formed by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3 is a functional amyloid fibril structure critical to intracellularly drive necroptosis. Since necroptosis lead...
Methionine synthesis and glycine betaine demethylation are intricately intertwined in cosmopolitan marine bacteria
Across all domains of life, cobalamin-dependent methyltransferases have diversified to perform a range of crucial functions, such as methionine synthesis and the demethylation of various reduced nitro...
Humanization of CD47 enables development of functional human neutrophils via postirradiation remodeling of the bone marrow
Murine and human immune systems differ significantly, particularly within the myeloid lineage. Humanized mice, generated by transplanting human hematopoietic stem, progenitor cells into genetically mo...
Fracture of liquid crystal elastomers
Liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) are anisotropic, viscoelastic materials integrating polymer networks and liquid crystals. While their mechanical responses have been extensively studied, their fractur...