PLoS ONE
Articles in this Issue
Tunable optical low-pass filtering based on chirped grating in arrays of graphene
We numerically investigate asymmetric light propagation in chirped gratings with embedded graphene arrays (CG-GA). The structure comprises alternating graphene sheets and dielectric layers, featuring...
Regional Inequality in the distribution of dentists in Saudi Arabia by sector and nationality: A 2023 National analysis under vision 2030
Objective This study examines the distribution of dentists across Saudi Arabia’s regions in 2023, comparing the public and private sectors and Saudi- and non-Saudi dentists, to inf...
From words to worries: A cross-cultural comparison of parent-child conversations about snakes in early childhood
Fear of animals is shaped by psychological, cultural, and evolutionary influences over time. This study examined whether conversations about commonly feared animals—namely snakes—differ among parents...
The Graphic Descriptor Ontology: An ontology for semantic annotation of graphics and its application to graphic libraries of anatomical standards
The information held by visual representations is typically opaque to information processing systems and able to be interpreted only by human viewers. We introduce the Graphics Descriptor Ontology (GD...
Exploring the association between personality and attitudes towards ageing in UK and Canadian older adults’: Use of a novel Behavioural Artificial Intelligence solution
Perceptions of ageing is an important psychosocial factor that influences health, wellbeing as well as engagement in health- promoting behaviours as people age. This study used a novel Behavioural Art...
Neural and cardiorespiratory responses in vocalization and slow breathing: Contrasting brain and autonomic responses
Singing and vocalization practices are reportedly associated with increased relaxation, better emotional regulation, and enhanced social closeness. Here, we investigate the neural underpinnings of suc...
Biomonitoring in the Anthropocene: Urban estuary environmental DNA tracks marine fish, terrestrial wildlife, and human diet
Managing anthropogenic impacts in urban estuaries asks for up-to-date monitoring of marine life. Here we analyze vertebrate eDNA in New York City’s East River, a rocky estuary channel difficult to sur...
Changes in life expectancy and life span equality during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020-22 in Japan
Objectives Life expectancy at birth is a demographic measure derived from age-specific mortality rates, reflecting the population’s mortality pattern and its changes over time. Whi...
Shining a light on camouflage evolution: Using genetic algorithms to determine the effects of geometry and lighting on optimal camouflage
Visual camouflage evolution in animals depends on both light’s interaction with its surroundings and the limits of what the natural observers of the camouflage can see. Changes in lighting – such as t...
A hybrid CNN-Transformer network integrating multiscale spatially detailed features for medical image segmentation
The rapid advancement of deep learning has established Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) as mainstream for medical image segmentation, yet their limited receptive field hinders long-range dependenc...
Braincase of Siamraptor suwati and insights into the cranial anatomy of Carcharodontosauria
Two partial theropod braincases, namely NRRU-F01020035 and F01020036, were recovered from the Lower Cretaceous Khok Kruat Formation in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Detailed observations on these two s...
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on medicine prescribing, vaccination, and alternative therapies in pregnancy and breastfeeding: A qualitative study from Catalonia, Spain
Introduction Healthcare professionals (HCP) encounter a multitude of challenges regarding the utilisation of medicines, vaccines, and alternative therapies in pregnant and breastfe...
Single-cell transcriptomics of bronchoalveolar lavage reveals divergent macrophage subpopulations and trajectories in interstitial lung disease
Rationale Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) encompass a diverse range of fibrotic conditions and contribute to significant respiratory morbidity and mortality. Assessment of the ce...
The development of the Internal Resource Perception Scale: Validity and reliability
Background The perception of internal resources influences mental well-being and unlocks the potential for personal growth. However, there is currently no tool that directly addres...
Expression of Concern: How to detect a polytrauma patient at risk of complications: A validation and database analysis of four published scales
Expression of Concern: Prevalence, injury-, and non-injury-related factors associated with anxiety and depression in polytrauma patients – A retrospective 20 year follow-up study
Comparative genomics-based development of a LAMP assay for rapid and reliable in-field detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4
Fusarium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) Tropical race 4 (TR4) is currently...
Determinants of husbands’ involvement in family planning: Evidence from a community-based cross-sectional study in Uttar Pradesh, India
We argue that the husband’s involvement in family planning (FP) should encompass a larger role such as participation in the joint decision-making on FP and supporting their wives in contraceptive use,...
The association between state-level negative racial sentiment and maternal hypertension in the US from 2016 to 2021: An observational study using Twitter data
Background Racial disparities in maternal hypertension (i.e., prepregnancy and gestational) due to experiences of racism may contribute to ongoing racial disparities in US birth ou...
A supine exercise program linking trunk stability with lower extremity coordination is associated with improved body balance and agility: A study using randomized crossover and pre-post trial designs
This study aimed to develop a supine exercise program that promotes coordination between trunk stability and lower extremity control, and to evaluate its short-term effects on balance and physical fun...
Criterion validity and divergent risk profiles of long-term opioid therapy across medicare and medicaid
Importance Accurate identification of patients receiving long-term opioid therapy (LTOT) remains essential for clinical care and population health surveillance. Two widely used met...
No-take marine reserves boost the resilience of commercial fish from the catastrophic effects of a volcanic eruption
Submarine volcanic eruptions are strong pulse disturbances that can cause abrupt mortality and long-lasting changes in marine communities. In October 2011, a submarine eruption off El Hierro (Canary I...
Differential performance of large language models in advanced cardiac life support assessment: A comprehensive multi-dimensional analysis of accuracy, consistency, and visual recognition capabilities
Background Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly adopted in healthcare settings, yet comparative evaluations of their performance in standardized medical assessments...
Auditing the impact of social media’s policy shift on anti-vaccine discourse: A large language model-driven empirical study
The sudden termination of X’s (formerly Twitter) misinformation policy on November 23, 2022, provides an opportunity to assess the effects of lifting content moderation restrictions on vaccine-related...
In vivo efficacy of current stimuli computed by optimal tracking of neuron membrane voltage
We describe an application of optimal control theory to in vivo intracellular stimulation of pressure-sensitive mechanosensory (P-cell) neurons of the leech...