Applied Physics Letters
Articles in this Issue
Improved uniformity of nanoscale phase change material pitch line for high-density data storage
The optical proximity effect (OPE) in the lithography process always causes variation in the critical dimension of the array patterns as the geometrical dimension is reduced. To achieve a high uniform...
Three-dimensional inhomogeneous characteristics of low-frequency plasma oscillations in wall-less Hall thrusters
The low-frequency plasma oscillations in a wall-less Hall thruster are investigated via three-dimensional particle-in-cell-Monte Carlo collision simulations. The breathing oscillation exhibits three-d...
On-chip acoustic manipulation of single or arrayed microparticles via standing Scholte waves
Contactless acoustic manipulation of suspended particles via radiation force control is a promising approach for microfluidic applications. Here, we introduce a method that uses standing Scholte waves...
Three-layer work-function gate for suppressing floating-body effects on vertical-channel DRAM access transistors
In vertical-channel transistors used as access transistors in high-density dynamic random-access memory, the body becomes electrically floating, leading to a floating-body effect (FBE) that degrades d...
Persistent rotation of particles driven by non-inertial Brownian motion
The unidirectional spontaneous rotation of particles caused by Brownian motion rectified by the Coriolis force is reported. Fine magnetic particles dispersed in a revolving liquid were observed using...
Sound velocities, shear modulus, and yield strength of tungsten to 141 GPa
Tungsten is an elemental metal known for its high melting point and hardness, but experimental information about its mechanical properties at high pressures is limited. Here, longitudinal sound veloci...
Counter-rotating electromagnetic generator with planetary gear amplification for low-frequency wave energy harvesting
Ocean wave energy represents a promising renewable resource with high energy density. However, its inherently low-frequency, stochastic, and multi-directional characteristics pose significant challeng...
Organophosphorus ligand-coordinated ZnO cathode buffer layers in organic solar cells—Work function reduction and performance enhancement
Functionalization of the ZnO cathode buffer layer (CBL) has been considered as a promising strategy to improve the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). In the present study, three tricoordinated...
Enhanced stretchability of silver nanowire conductors based on pressure-induced double-layer conductive network for wearable electronics
Stretchable silver nanowire (AgNW) conductor are important components for stretchable electronics, but they face challenges of maintaining large stretchability, high conductivity, and mechanical robus...
High-power narrow-linewidth low-noise semiconductor laser via carrier–photon dynamic feedback
Semiconductor lasers with ultra-low noise and narrow linewidth are crucial for advanced applications, including high-performance communication, optical sensing, and quantum metrology. In this work, we...
Spin orientation and strain tuning of orbital-selective Dirac gap in the itinerant kagome metal DyMn6Sn6
Kagome magnets in the 166 family provide a fertile platform for coupling magnetic order with topological electronic states, particularly DyMn6Sn6, which hosts a natural spin orientation. Using density...
Phase-matched cascaded Brillouin lasers via single-frequency intracavity Raman pumping
Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) enables multi-frequency, high coherent laser emission due to its narrow gain bandwidth and cascaded phase matching. Using a free-space Brillouin oscillator, we sy...
Ultrafast vertical photoconductive intrinsic diamond switch with high current (17.1 A at 1 kV)
This Letter reports on a vertical, bulk-conducting photoconductive semiconductor switch (PCSS) fabricated on an intrinsic Type IIa single-crystal diamond substrate. Under near-bandgap excitation at 22...
Charge injection in ultrathin IGO TFTs controlled by a tradeoff between work function and interfacial oxidation enthalpy
Understanding the metal/semiconductor contact is crucial for ultrathin oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs), where the interfacial region becomes comparable to the conductive channel. Here, we investiga...
Multi-mechanism synergistic regulation in MXene/polyacrylamide/polystyrene composite hydrogels for high-performance stretchable strain sensors
This study presents the development of a stretchable strain sensor based on a MXene/polyacrylamide (PAM)/polystyrene (PS) composite hydrogel. Optimizing the material composition and fabrication enable...
Nonequilibrium interplays among electronic, lattice, and magnetic degrees of freedom in PrNiO3
Rare-earth nickel oxide perovskites (RNiO3, R = rare earth) offer a promising platform for examining intricate interactions among multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs) due to the occurrence of a metal–in...
Fabry–Pérot resonance cavity enabling highly polarization-sensitive long-wave infrared detector via double-layer linear grating
Au gratings are widely employed as the primary architecture in infrared linear polarization detectors; however, they suffer from significant optical losses in the long-wave infrared range, resulting i...
Debris mitigation of a Xe discharge-produced plasma source combined gas jet and Halbach cylinder
High-energy ions and metal debris generated by extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light sources pose a severe threat to collector optics. This study demonstrates a hybrid mitigation strategy that combines a he...
Impact-induced viscoelastic bungee-jumper jets with uniform extension and stress
We investigate the dynamics of a “bungee-jumper” jet induced by an impulsive force, which retracts after reaching its peak extension. Despite the strongly extensional and highly nonequilibrium nature...
Spatio-time-resolved cathodoluminescence study on the midgap recombination lifetimes of nanowire-based InGaN/GaN multiple quantum shells
Spatial distributions of minority carrier lifetimes (τminority) in nanowire-based GaN and InGaN/GaN multiple quantum shells grown on a GaN template were investigated using macroarea time-resolved phot...
Axis-selective photoresponse enhancement in NbS3 through pressure-modulated in-plane anisotropic bond alignment
Anisotropic photodetection has emerged as a pivotal branch of modern optoelectronics because it directly probes the intrinsic directionality of photogenerated carrier transport in materials, with its...
Gate-controlled analog memcapacitance in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 interface-based devices
We demonstrate memcapacitor structures utilizing a quasi-two-dimensional electron gas, formed at the crystalline LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterointerface, as electrodes and SiO2/SrTiO3 as dielectric layer. The o...
Field-effect and defect engineering tunable 2D-PDBG+ monolayer: An anode for calcium-ion batteries with ultra-high capacity and fast kinetics
The development of high-performance anodes is crucial for advancing calcium-ion batteries (CIBs). Through first-principles calculations, we propose a boron–carbon monolayer named 2D-PDBG+ as an except...
Feather-like structures in oxidized ultrananocrystalline diamond films
Ultrananocrystalline diamond films are conventionally described as diamond nanograins embedded in a sp2-rich amorphous carbon matrix. It was recently reported that as-deposited ultrananocrystalline di...
Significant impact of Al1− <i>x</i> Ga <i>x</i> N interlayer on GaN/AlN thermal boundary conductance
AlN/GaN heterostructures are central to high-power and high-frequency electronics, including RF devices, power converters, and AI accelerators. An intermediate Al1−xGaxN (AlGaN) layer is often present...