PLoS ONE
Articles in this Issue
Association of a polygenic risk score with low trauma fractures in people with HIV – The swiss HIV cohort study
Background Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are likely to enter routine clinical care for individual disease risk prediction in the next 10 years. We recently showed that the bone miner...
GATA4-targeted compounds induce apoptosis and diminish viability of hepatoblastoma cells
Hepatoblastoma is the most common pediatric liver tumor, and it primarily affects young children. Despite improved treatment results due to modern chemotherapy and advanced surgical techniques, there...
Assessment of forest fragmentation in the REDD+ priority zones using two land use/land cover (LULC) sources in the tropical Andean landscape of Ecuador
Human-driven deforestation and fragmentation are major threats to global biodiversity and climate stability, particularly in the Amazon rainforest. Ecuador, located in the Andes–Amazon transition zone...
Determining the reliability of the Vitalight CO2 Monitor via the assessment of the carbon dioxide profile on city transit buses
Public transit vehicles represent small, dynamic, indoor spaces, with conditions that can be favourable for the development of poor air quality. The use of CO 2...
Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms in sheep Mx genes: A premature stop codon abolishes Mx2 protein expression but did not affect fertility and early animal development
Mx proteins are interferon-induced GTPases that inhibit a wide range of viruses. The loss of functional Mx genes in mice and other model species is associated with inferior innate immune responses and...
Out-of-context and out-of-scope: Manipulating large language models through minimal instruction set modifications
Understanding the emergence of reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs) is important for aligning their response behaviour with human intentions, especially as these models become access...
Rethinking procedural pain in labor: A comparison of lidocaine injection techniques for epidural catheter placement assessed with an objective clinician-centric pain score—A double-blind randomized controlled trial
Introduction Local lidocaine infiltration before Tuohy needle insertion is essential for epidural analgesia. Lidocaine can be administered intradermally or subcutaneously, but the...
Identifying regulatory driver motifs in non-small cell lung carcinoma via a systematic approach
Background Lung cancer exhibits highest incidence among all cancer types worldwide and even after rigorous research and advanced treatment strategies, it constitutes a primary caus...
A machine learning framework for predicting fuel consumption and CO2 emissions in hybrid and combustion vehicles: comparative analysis and performance evaluation
Accurate estimations of fuel consumption and carbon emissions insights are critical for performance benchmarking, emissions compliance, and the optimization of energy management strategies in vehicles...
Generation of osteoclast-like cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells using NFATc1 modified RNA
Inhibition of osteoclasts, a type of bone-resorptive cell, is a key approach for treating diseases associated with bone loss. Although human osteoclasts can be generated from receptor activator of nuc...
Proteomic profiling of a Sporobolomyces yeast reveals global responses to UV-B–induced oxidative stress
Research background Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation induces oxidative stress through the generation of reactive oxygen species, affecting organisms across all...
Bacteriophage T4 gene 32 protein: Insights into its interaction with ssDNA, binding cooperativity, and conformational change
The single-stranded DNA binding protein of bacteriophage T4, gp32, has important roles in replication, recombination, and repair. gp32 possesses three domains: the central (core) domain which contains...
Hypotony after 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with suturing all sclerotomies
Purpose To evaluate the incidence of postoperative hypotony and early complications in 25-gauge vitrectomy by suturing all sclerotomies....
Retraction: Shocked quartz at the Younger Dryas onset (12.8 ka) supports cosmic airbursts/impacts contributing to North American megafaunal extinctions and collapse of the Clovis technocomplex
Differential impact of admission type and clinical complexity on diabetes hospitalization costs among African American and hispanic patients in Southeastern Virginia
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) imposes substantial healthcare costs with documented disparities among African Americans and Hispanic patients. To inform care delivery and resour...
Health seeking behaviors of nurses diagnosed with hypertension and providing health care in resource-constrained setting in a rural part of Northern Ghana: A qualitative study
Background Hypertension poses a significant occupational health threat to nurses globally, exacerbated by demanding work environments that can hinder their own health-seeking behav...
Disproportionality analysis of fondaparinux associated adverse events based on the FDA adverse event reporting system
Fondaparinux is a widely used anticoagulant for treating venous thromboembolism and acute coronary syndrome by inhibiting factor Xa. However, it carries a risk of bleeding. This study analyzes its saf...
A unified vision-language model for cross-product defect detection in glove manufacturing
Automated anomaly detection is vital to industrial quality control, yet conventional deep learning detectors often struggle with scalability. These models, typically following a rigid “one-model-per-t...
The live-streaming strategy for competitive manufacturers considering information disclosure and product heterogeneity
Live-streaming has become increasingly populous in recent years and a large body of manufacturers such as Apple and Huawei have adopted live-streaming strategies. Despite the live-streaming can disclo...
The mechanism of aerobic exercise in ameliorating glycolipid metabolic disorders in metabolic syndrome rats via the miR-27a-PPARγ pathway
This study investigated how aerobic exercise improves metabolic disorders in rats with metabolic syndrome (MS) and explored the role of miR-27a in this process. MS was induced by a high-fat and high-s...
Pathogenic KRAS variants disrupt structure and dynamics: Insights from integrated computational analyses
Background KRAS is among the most frequently mutated oncogenes in pancreatic, colorectal, and lung cancers, yet the structural and dyna...
An economic evaluation of the LINKEDin study: An intervention to reduce initial loss to follow-up among tuberculosis patients in South Africa
Tuberculosis (TB) patients who are diagnosed but not registered and initiated on TB treatment are categorised as initial loss to follow-up (ILTFU). ILTFU is a key driver of morbidity and mortality ass...
Seabirds shaped the expansion of pre-Inca society in Peru
This research investigates the influence of seabird guano on agriculture in the Chincha Valley of southern Peru through multi-isotopic, archaeological, and historical data. We conduct stable carbon, n...
Comparison of thoracic ultrasonography (TUS), clinical respiratory scoring (CRS), and blood analysis to evaluate respiratory dysfunction in transported calves
Mixing of calves during and after transport exposes them to large numbers of pathogens, increasing their risk of developing bovine respiratory disease after arrival. Identifying individual calves with...
Factors influencing the functionality of medicines and therapeutic committees in public health facilities in Uganda: A longitudinal assessment
World health organization estimates that of all medicines used globally, about 50% are used irrationally. This is mostly attributed to overuse of antibiotics and indiscriminate use of injectables, amo...