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A Molecular Playground for Spin-State Ice and Coupled Electron–Spin Dynamics
Lung inflammation after repeated exposure to LPS and glyphosate in female mice
Abstract Agricultural work involves exposure to airborne pollutants including dust and pesticides that can cause respiratory effects, yet little is known about these impacts in females. The inflammatory effects of inhaled glyphosate, alone or in combination with common agricultural exposures like lipopolysaccharide (LPS), remain unclear. The objective was to evaluate the inflammatory potential of single and combined exposures to glyphosate and LPS in female mice using physiological and structural measures, and synchrotron imaging. C57BL/6 female mice ( n = 20) were intranasally treated with glyphosate (GLY), LPS, LPS + glyphosate (LG), or HBSS (CTL) for 5 days. On day 5, an additional group of mice were transported to the Canadian Light Source synchrotron (CLS) for multiple image x-radiography (MIR) to assess lung injury. Following treatment, mice were euthanized and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) and lung tissue were collected. Mice exposed to LG had significantly higher airway restriction; expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines TNF-α, KC, IL-6, MCP-1, and MIP-2; levels of myeloperoxidase expression; greater recruitment of cells into the alveolar regions, disruption to the bronchial epithelium in the lungs, and compromised lung air-tissue interfaces in the MIR images compared to other treatment groups. It is likely that inflammatory adaptation is already occurring in the female mice by five days of exposure. These results reveal that female mice exposed to LG displayed physiological, structural, and lung injury effect that were different from mice exposed to LPS and GLY alone.
Covalent Functionalization of Dawson-Type Polyoxometalates to Achieve a Zero to Three-Dimensional Transition for Enhanced Proton Conductivity
Integrated histochemical, biochemical, and ultrastructural analyses elucidate synergistic virulence mechanisms of Curvularia lunata in maize
An efficient triple-domain YOLOv8 for real-time aluminum profile defect detection
Oxidative Hetero-Coupling: Iron- and Copper-Mediated 1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization
Advanced PV-enabled heat generation system with precise thermal power regulation
Ligand-Based Redox Chemistry at the Mo-Containing Active Site of <i>Cupriavidus necator</i> Formate Dehydrogenase
Balancing accuracy and efficiency in lumbar spine image segmentation using multi-scale attention and residual learning
Glycoengineered Host-Guest Nanoparticles Potentiate Alzheimer’s Disease Therapy via Lesion-Specific Modulation of Tau Pathology
Voltage compensation of manufacturing errors applied to artificial band gaps in nanoscale transistor
Liquid-Phase CO <b> <sub>2</sub> </b> Capture by a Nonaqueous Cooperative Absorption Mechanism
Verification of the factors of individuality through avatar’s speech generation system
Abstract In recent years, extensive research has been conducted on avatars, and multiple studies have demonstrated their effectiveness as a medium for remote operation. While avatars are effective when teleoperated, they must also be capable of autonomous behavior in the absence of an operator. In particular, avatars whose appearance closely resembles that of a real individual need to possess conversational abilities that reflect the personality of the person being modeled. This paper presents the development of a speech generation system that produces personality-consistent utterances using a large language model (LLM) and speech synthesis technology. We call this system AvatarLLM. Through system evaluation, we examined the factors contributing to the perception of individuality. Experimental results indicated that the utterances generated by AvatarLLM were perceived as more likely reproducing the modeled individual than those of the actual person. Furthermore, we found that the perceived identity of the utterances could influence the perceived identity of the voice itself.