Browse Articles

Creating a Modular Activatable CRISPR–Cas12a System by Engineering crRNA Scaffold with a Steric Hindrance Effector

Clinical utility of repeated IgH gene rearrangement testing for the diagnosis and surveillance of gastric MALT lymphoma

Abstract Gastric MALT lymphoma diagnosis relies on histopathological findings and immunoglobulin H gene (IgHr) rearrangement testing, which reflects monoclonal immunoglobulin proliferation. This study aimed to clarify the role of IgHr in the diagnosis, treatment prediction, and surveillance of gastric MALT lymphoma. Of the 152 suspected cases, 131 were definitively diagnosed using a combination of IgHr and pathology, with pathological findings considered the gold standard. Patients with discrepancies between IgHr and pathology underwent re-evaluation. The relationship between IgHr status, clinicopathological features, and treatment outcomes was analyzed. IgHr and histopathology were assessed over 2 years in 41 patients after pathological complete remission (pCR). IgHr positivity was 69.5% at initial biopsy and 90.8% after two biopsies. IgHr-positive cases had higher H. pylori infection rates and better CR rates post-eradication. Patients with IgHr positivity at pCR had higher recurrence rates (16.7%). IgHr positivity gradually declined among 37 non-recurrent cases (CR: 56.8%, 6 M: 45.9%, 1Y: 21.6%, 2Y: 10.8%), indicating a delay between pCR and IgH-negative conversion. Repeated biopsies may improve the accuracy of gastric MALT lymphoma diagnosis. IgHr-positive status at pCR may signal higher recurrence risk, underscoring the need for careful post-CR surveillance. Surveillance should account for potential delays in IgHr-negative conversion.

mRNA-Based FRET-FLIM Imaging Platform for Quantifying Lipid Nanoparticle Endosomal Escape and Membrane Damage

Electroencephalographic and clinical predictors of favorable neurologic outcomes in pediatric cardiac arrest survivors

A Data Science-Guided Approach for the Development of Nickel-Catalyzed Homo-Diels–Alder Reactions

The effect of taxonomic, host-dependent features and sample bias on virus host prediction using machine learning and short sequence k-mers

c-ALD-Grown Metal Oxide Shell Enables Distance-Independent Triplet Energy Transfer from Quantum Dots to Molecular Dyes

Effect of Xanthan gum-based edible coating enriched with cloves and cinnamon for extending the shelf-life of pomegranate fruit during cold storage

Total Synthesis of the Nominal Structure of (+)-Talaromyolide D

Integrated cold resistance subgrade system utilizing oil shale waste and XPS insulation for sustainable infrastructure in seasonal frozen regions

Abstract To address the environmental concerns of oil shale waste (OSW) accumulation and improve road engineering sustainability, this paper proposes a novel cold resistance structure (CRS) incorporating extruded polystyrene (XPS) insulation plates and OSW-modified soil. OSW primarily consists of two components: residual semi-coke from retorting processes and combustion-derived ash residues. The improper disposal of accumulated OSW poses significant environmental risks. Following a comprehensive feasibility assessment, this study identifies the application of OSW in highway subgrade construction as an eco-friendly solution that achieves triple objectives - waste valorization, pollution mitigation, and alleviation of material shortages in road infrastructure. Targeting the freeze-thaw challenges prevalent in northeast China’s road structures, the CRS system combines XPS insulation technology with OSW-modified subgrade soil through three key phases. First, the optimal XPS plate thickness was determined using thermal resistance equivalence principles. Second, controlled freeze-thaw experiments employing a specialized unidirectional testing system evaluated the CRS’s frost resistance through triplicate comparative trials. Third, field validation involved constructing a CRS test road and conducting in-situ assessments of bearing capacity and dynamic stress responses, with conventional sand-gravel subgrade sections serving as controls. Environmental impacts and economic viability were systematically analyzed. Results demonstrate that the CRS system reduces the subgrade freezing depth by up to 52.8%, limits surface water migration by over 60%, and decreases dynamic stress amplitudes by more than 50% compared to conventional structures. The effective stress buffering depth of the XPS insulation is equivalent to an 89.75 cm thick gravel layer, while subgrade deflection is reduced by 21%. Additionally, the CRS system achieves a 43% reduction in material cost per kilometer and enables the reuse of over 9300 tons of solid waste, offering both economic and environmental benefits.

Structural Heterogeneity of Proteoform-Ligand Complexes in Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Uncovered by Integrated Top-Down Mass Spectrometry

Low-temperature plasma efficiently promotes blood coagulation with less thermal injury in porcine models

Improving Catalytic Enantioselectivity of Hydrogenation through Swelling-Induced Molecular Tension in Polymer Networks

An extensive survey on helminth community of Caretta caretta from the neritic feeding grounds of Northwestern Adriatic sea

Impact of the Atomic Structure at the BiVO₄/TiO₂ Interface on the Electronic Properties and Performance of BiVO₄/TiO₂ Photoanodes

Light weight blockchain with IoT devices to secure smart non-fungible tokens using hybrid secure functions

Tandem Catalysis to Mitigate Coke Formation in the Upcycling of Mixed Polyolefin Wastes

Combinatorial DNMTs and EZH2 inhibition reprograms the H3K27me3 and DNAme-mediated onco-epigenome to suppress multiple myeloma proliferation

Abstract Comprehensive epigenomic studies in multiple myeloma (MM) that unravel the connections between major epigenetic regulators, their intertwined collaboration and the potential of combinatorial targeting remain limited. Utilizing ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, and DNA methylation (DNAme) data, we generated whole-genome chromatin annotations from normal plasma cells and MM patients, revealing epigenomic re-configuration affecting downstream genes involved in tumour growth and survival. Primary MM samples showed global DNA hypomethylation but site-specific hypermethylation was observed at transcription start sites, promoters, and enhancers. Moreover, increased deposition of H3K27me3 was observed in clinically relevant functional chromatin clusters. Combined EZH2 and DNMTs inhibition resulted in extensive epigenomic alterations activating apoptosis and cell cycle genes, leading to increased G2/M arrest and apoptosis in MM cell lines. Our findings provide novel insights into the role of epigenetic gene silencing in MM tumorigenesis and the interplay between the Polycomb repressive complex 2 and DNAme.

Recyclable Inorganic Subnanowire Plastics

A smart automatic control and monitoring system for environmental control in poultry houses integrated with earlier warning system

Abstract Monitoring key environmental parameters—such as temperature, humidity, ammonia (NH3), and methane (CH4)—is critical for optimizing poultry health, improving productivity, and mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. These variables not only influence poultry well-being and performance but also contribute significantly to environmental pollution, underscoring the need for accurate, continuous, and cost-effective monitoring solutions. The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies offers a transformative approach in agribusiness, enabling real-time data acquisition, automated control, and enhanced connectivity for environmental management in poultry houses. This study introduces a low-cost, automated monitoring and control unit (AMCU) designed for small-scale poultry operations. The AMCU is IoT-based, employing Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) for communication. The performance of the developed AMCU was evaluated and calibrated under controlled laboratory conditions at the Agricultural Engineering Department, Aswan University, during August 2023, where ambient temperatures ranged between 40 and 42 °C. Each test was replicated three times to ensure consistency and reliability. The results demonstrated a strong correlation (r > 0.96) between the AMCU sensor readings and those obtained from certified reference devices, confirming the system’s accuracy in measuring temperature, humidity, ammonia, and methane. The economic analysis revealed that the complete system, including the early warning feature, was constructed at a total cost of only USD 76, with the core measuring unit costing USD 37.5. In contrast, the combined cost of the commercial reference devices was approximately USD 321, indicating that the AMCU achieved comparable functionality at just 11.68% of the commercial cost. The findings suggest that the AMCU is a promising, scalable solution for environmental monitoring in poultry farming. Its future deployment in real-world poultry houses could significantly reduce GHG emissions and promote more sustainable agricultural practices.