Browse Articles

Heterogeneous dual-decoder network for road extraction in remote sensing images

Quantum integration in swin transformer mitigates overfitting in breast cancer screening

Abstract To explore the potential of quantum computing in advancing transformer-based deep learning models for breast cancer screening, this study introduces the Quantum-Enhanced Swin Transformer (QEST). This model integrates a Variational Quantum Circuit (VQC) to replace the fully connected layer responsible for classification in the Swin Transformer architecture. In simulations, QEST exhibited competitive accuracy and generalization performance compared to the original Swin Transformer, while also demonstrating an effect in mitigating overfitting. Specifically, in 16-qubit simulations, the VQC reduced the parameter count by 62.5% compared with the replaced fully connected layer and improved the Balanced Accuracy (BACC) by 3.62% in external validation. Furthermore, validation experiments conducted on an actual quantum computer have corroborated the effectiveness of QEST.

Reactive Chemical Environments Control Charge Carrier Selectivity and Photovoltage at Nanoparticle Electrocatalyst/Semiconductor Junctions in Solar Water Splitting

Neonatal mortality and survival of low-birth-weight infants at hospitals in indonesia, a multi center study

Structural Role of Nb₂O₅ in Phosphate Glasses: An Advanced Solid-State NMR Protocol for the Glass System <i>x</i>Nb₂O₅–(100–<i>x</i>)NaPO₃

Effort-reward imbalance, subjective sleep quality, and inflammation in female nurses at a tertiary hospital: a pilot study

Chemical profiling and biological assessment of essential oil from Artemisia herba-alba

A Dynamic Silver(I) Nanocluster Holds Together a 3 × 3 Self-Assembled Grid

Urban coyote spatiotemporal overlap with humans is associated with environmental characteristics not human sociodemographics

Dissolution Inhibition via Intramolecular N···I Halogen Bond Enables High-Loading Zn-Organic Battery

Gut microbiota profiles are associated with different spontaneous cortical activity in healthy older people

Abstract It has been shown that the gut and the brain are linked through a multimodal, bidirectional pathway called the gut-brain axis. In the gut-to-brain way, the gut microbiota has been shown to be the main regulator. In clinical practice, evidence of microbiota and brain interactions comes from the association of gut microbiota alterations with neurological and psychiatric conditions. However, until now, it remains unknown how the gut microbiota influences brain activity. In this paper, we show that different microbiota profiles from healthy older people are associated with different spontaneous activity in medial posterior cortical areas. These areas are associated with memory, language, and emotion processing abilities. Therefore, the results obtained provide evidence that non-pathological gut microbiota profiles are correlated to spontaneous cortical activity associated with cognitive functions that typically deteriorate with age. This implies that early nutritional interventions that modify microbiota composition could help delay or ameliorate natural age-related cognitive decline.

NIR-Switched DNA Shutter Enables Reversible Intermittent cGAS-STING Activation for Enhanced Antitumor Immunity

Variation in soil acidity across different land uses, soil types and altitudinal gradients in Western Oromia, Ethiopia

Dynamic Pore Space Partition in Zinc Metal–Organic Frameworks

Comparative evaluation of propolis and Persea americana creams for epidermal wound healing in rats

Abstract Wound healing is a complex biological process that benefits greatly from effective topical treatments. This study compares the healing potential of two natural formulations: propolis cream and Persea americana cream. Twelve albino rats were divided into four groups: a negative control group with no injury, a positive control group with injury but no treatment, a group treated with propolis cream post-injury, and a group treated with the Persea americana cream post-injury, with three rats in each group. All wounds were sterilized daily using Betadine. The experiment lasted for 15 days. Results indicated that the Persea americana cream demonstrated superior therapeutic effects compared to the propolis cream. Blood samples were collected to assess the systemic influence of the treatments on the wound healing process, under appropriate preservation conditions. Skin specimens were then taken for histopathological examination using Hematoxylin &amp; Eosin and Masson’s trichrome staining to observe biochemical changes in wound tissues relative to healthy skin. Additionally, GC/MS analysis was conducted to identify and compare the bioactive compounds present in both creams. The analysis revealed that the Persea americana cream contained a higher concentration of bioactive compounds, which likely contributed to the enhanced healing observed. Overall, the formulations were designed to utilize the bioactive components to accelerate wound repair effectively.

Nitrogen-Centered Organic Salts Enable Stable Lithium-Ion Supply for High-Energy-Density Batteries

Low bone mineral density of the spine in adolescents with cerebral palsy relates to reduced correction of scoliosis after surgery

Abstract Adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) often require scoliosis surgery. Low bone mass may counteract benefits of surgical treatment. This study compares volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in adolescents with CP to age and sex matched healthy controls and evaluates its effect on scoliosis treatment. Computed tomogramms (CT) of 51 adolescents with CP (15.0 ± 2.6 years) were performed for scoliosis surgery and also used for vBMD calculation. Reference control vBMD values were calculated from 62 CT examinations of patients (15.1 ± 2.3 years) after trauma or conditions not related to bone mass. Z-scores were calculated based on the reference values. Correction of scoliosis in relation to vBMD was evaluated on perioperative spinal radiographs of operated adolescents with CP. Adolescents with CP had lower vBMD (123.3 ± 46.3 mg/cm 3 ) than healthy controls (166.9 ± 31.4 mg/cm 3 ). The lowest vBMD (97.3 ± 49.8 mg/cm 3 ) had patients with CP and pathological fractures ( n  = 8). Male CP Z-scores (− 2.2 ± 1.6, n  = 22) (16.2 ± 2.5 years) were significantly lower than female CP Z-scores (− 1.0 ± 1.3, n  = 29) (14.1 ± 2.3 years). Higher vBMD (179.2 ± 45.4 mg/cm 3 , n  = 41) correlated to scoliosis correction &gt; 50% (average 67.0 ± 12%), while lower vBMD (134.9 ± 30.9 mg/cm 3 , n  = 7) related to correction ≤ 50% (average 36.8 ± 14%). Non-ambulant adolescents with CP have lower vBMD values compared to a healthy population, which negatively affects surgical correction of scoliosis. Level of evidence/clinical relevance: Therapeutic Level III.

Enhanced Proton Transport in Nb-Doped Rutile TiO₂: A Highly Useful Class of Proton-Conducting Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductors

In silico characterization, physiochemical analysis, and antifungal evaluation of the Zea mays PR-1 protein

Ru Single Atom and Nanoparticle Tandem Catalyst Unlocking High-Efficiency Ammonia Synthesis under Mild Conditions