Browse Articles

A Protein-Centric Mass Spectrometry Approach for Species Identification within Harmful Algal Blooms

Epigenome-wide association study of BMI and waist-to-hip ratio and their associations with dietary patterns in Korean adults

<i>anti</i> -Diastereo- and Enantioselective Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–C Coupling-Oxidative Lactonization of 1,4-Butanediol: Alkynes as Allylmetal Pronucleophiles

Comprehensive identification of the PEBP gene family in Vicia faba highlighting VfTFL1a variation and phenotypic insights into determinate growth

Abstract The phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein (PEBP) family regulates key plant processes including growth, development, flowering, seed germination, formation, and dormancy. Despite their importance for these processes that determine agronomical important characters, PEBP genes in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) and closely related legumes remain underexplored. This study identified 11 VfPEBP genes for the first time in Vicia faba, classifying them into MFT-like, TFL-like, and FT-like subfamilies, and examining their relationships to PEBP-genes of the legumes Pisum sativum and Vicia sativa. TFL1 homologs, crucial for growth determinacy, are an important focus for breeding to achieve a more confined flowering and maturation time. Cis-element analysis suggested VfTFL1-genes are regulated by light, hormones, and abiotic stress. Amplicon sequencing of VfTFL1a, a gene linked to shoot apical meristem fate, identified novel allelic variation but none of these could discriminate determinate from indeterminate varieties, invalidating a previously reported marker. Field trials revealed that determinate varieties of faba bean flowered later but had more uniform agronomic traits compared to indeterminate ones. These findings provide new insights into the PEBP gene family, highlighting its critical role in regulating flowering time and plant architecture in Vicia faba and underscoring its potential as a target for crop improvement.

Johnson Solid Gold Nanoclusters as Heterogeneous Visible-Light Photocatalysts for Fukuyama Indole Synthesis

Real-world pharmacovigilance assessment of hepatotoxicity risk with HER2-Targeted drugs using FAERS database analysis

Why did researchers stick a duck to a rock? To show off their super glue

Induced Bioconjugation via On-Demand Isocyanate Formation

Short-term efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulation for essential tremor in a randomized double-blind controlled trial

Abstract Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) demonstrates promise for some neurological conditions. However, its effectiveness for essential tremor (ET) requires further research. In this randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial, we investigated the safety and efficacy of a single, 40-minute PNS session in ET. Eighty-eight participants (age: 63.5 [52.5, 70.3], male: 57.95%) were assigned to active PNS stimulation (n = 45) or sham procedure (n = 43). Efficacy was assessed using accelerometer-measured tremor amplitude (m/s²), clinician-rated tremor severity using the Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS), patients’ own experience with daily activities using the Bain and Findley Activities of Daily Living scale (BF-ADL), and their perceived improvement based on the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (CGI-I). Assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately post-stimulation, and at multiple intervals up to 90 min (extending to 24 h for subjective outcomes). Temporal changes in outcomes over time were evaluated using the Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE). The effects of group, time, and their interaction (group*time) on the outcomes were subsequently assessed using GEE. GEE analyses revealed significant group*time interaction for tremor amplitude (B = − 51.61, 95%CI [− 94.60, − 8.62], p = 0.019). However, no significant group*time interactions were observed for TETRAS, BF-ADL, and CGI-I. This study indicated the effect of PNS on reducing ET amplitude. ID: IRCT20161212031362N2.

Impact of soil salinity on structural attributes and above ground biomass carbon in a mangrove community of a Colombian Caribbean Coast

Abstract Mangrove forests are known for their exceptional carbon storage capacity, but the influence of environmental factors on this service remains understudied. This study examines how environmental conditions shape tree community composition and carbon storage in Mallorquin Swamp, an urban mangrove ecosystem in Barranquilla, Colombia. We assessed tree composition, vegetation structure, soil pH, and salinity across 18 circular plots in areas of Low, Medium, and High salinity. Above ground biomass (AGB) and carbon stock were estimated using allometric equations and wood density databases. Our findings revealed significant salinity differences among sampling areas, especially during the dry season, while soil pH showed minimal variation. Avicennia germinans was dominant in Low salinity areas, Laguncularia racemosa in Medium salinity areas, and Rhizophora mangle in High salinity areas. Trees in Low salinity zones were notably taller and larger, contributing to significantly higher carbon stock (4098.6 Mg C) compared to Medium (104.6 Mg C) and High (1761 Mg C) salinity areas. These results underscore the importance of local environmental factors, particularly salinity, in shaping mangrove structure and carbon dynamics. Identifying such patterns is vital for guiding conservation efforts and carbon policies, particularly in urban and climate-sensitive areas, where focused management can strengthen mangrove resilience and carbon storage.

Cooperative Bimetallic Radical Catalysis Enables Asymmetric Hydrogen-Atom Transfer

Golgi retention of KIT in gastrointestinal stromal tumour cells is phospholipase D activity-dependent

Abstract A constitutively active mutant of the receptor protein tyrosine kinase KIT is a major cause of gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). Recently, we discovered that, during biosynthetic transport, the KIT mutant (KIT mut ) is retained in the Golgi/ trans- Golgi network (TGN), where it activates downstream molecules. This retention is dependent on the phospholipase Cγ2–protein kinase D2–PI4 kinase IIIβ (PLCγ2–PKD2–PI4KIIIβ) pathway, which KIT mut activates at the Golgi/TGN. The activated cascade aberrantly recruits GGA1 and the γ-adaptin subunit of AP1, resulting in KIT mut retention in the Golgi/TGN. However, the precise mechanisms, including the mediators and effectors of the pathway, remain unclear. In humans, the phosphatidic acid-generating enzymes, phospholipase D1 (PLD1) and PLD2 are known downstream proteins of PKD. In the presence of the PLD inhibitor CAY10594, KIT mut is released from the Golgi/TGN and subsequently degraded in lysosomes, leading to signal inactivation. Knockdown experiments indicated that PLD2 plays a role in KIT mut retention. KIT mut activates PLD2 through PKD2, but not PI4KIIIβ, for Golgi/TGN retention. PLD activity is required for the association of γ-adaptin with GGA1. Therefore, the KIT–PLCγ2–PKD2 pathway separately activates PLD2 and PI4KIIIβ to recruit γ-adaptin and GGA1. Collectively, these results suggest that KIT mut retention is dependent on the activation of the PLCγ2–PKD2–PLD2 cascade in GIST cells.

Underwater glue shows its sticking power in rubber duck test

Nontrivial Spin Dynamics Synergy in a Weakly Coupled Heteroanisotropic Dysprosium Chain-Based Array

Effect of patterns of social activities on depressive symptoms among older adults in china: a latent class analysis of CHARLS

Sustainable Imine Production Using Alkanes as Substrates via a Plasma-Microdroplet Approach

AI-derived CT biomarker score for robust COVID-19 mortality prediction across multiple waves and regions using machine learning

The real problems with America's health

Enantioselective Total Synthesis of Bipolarolides A and B

Coal-forming sedimentary model and its control on vertical reservoir heterogeneity of the upper carboniferous Benxi formation in Ordos basin, China