Browse Articles

Integrated porosity estimation of partially saturated sand–hematite mixtures using electrical resistivity and elastic wave velocity

Breaking Bonds with Short-Wave Infrared Light: BODIPY Photocages for Two-Photon Activation in the 900–1500 nm NIR-II Window

Linking woody plant species richness with selected ecosystem services and dendrometric features in Okalma natural forest reserve

Dipole Characteristics of Polymers with Main-Chain Polar Rings: Impact of Dipole Strength and Orientation on Reactivity and Material Properties

Targeting programmed death ligand 1 for anticancer therapy using computational drug repurposing and molecular simulations

Ancient marine reptile was a silent swimmer

Harnessing <i>O</i> -Vinylhydroxylamines for Ring-Annulation: A Scalable Approach to Azaindolines and Azaindoles

Network intrusion detection model using wrapper based feature selection and multi head attention transformers

Pushing the Thermodynamic and Kinetic Limits of Near-Infrared Emissive Cr^III Complexes in Photocatalysis

Assessment of terrestrial radionuclide exposure and contamination rates within the Mbaitoli area, Nigeria

Electronic Textiles Based on Conductive Metal–Organic Frameworks as Scavengers and Sensors of Toxic Oxyanions from Water

Sambucus nigra alleviates fenpropathrin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats via modulation of NF-κB/TNF-α axis

Abstract This research assessed the effectiveness of Sambucus nigra (SN) in alleviating hepatorenal injury caused by fenpropathrin (FNP) in rodents. Six equal groups were created from the 30 Wistar rats: Group 1 was the negative control, Groups 2 and 3 were the SN control groups, Group 4 was the FNP group, and Groups 5 and 6 were the FNP + SN combination groups. The hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of SN were assessed by quantifying serum enzyme markers, including ALT, AST, ALP, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine. Oxidative stress indicators, RT-PCR analysis, histological examination, and immunohistochemistry studies were conducted on the liver and kidneys to confirm the previously indicated parameters. The rats administered FNP injections displayed increased blood marker enzyme levels, altered oxidant-antioxidant equilibrium, and significant pathogenic changes in hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, these rats exhibited elevated levels of caspase-3 and iNOS, linked to the triggered expression of TNF-α and NF-κB genes in these tissues. Administering SN enhanced all the aforementioned toxicological parameters. The prospective hepato-renal therapeutic benefits of SN against impairment of the liver and kidneys induced by FNP have been evidenced through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic pathways.

Diffusion tensor imaging reveals myocardial architectural differences between porcine and primate hearts with potential implications for cardiac xenotransplantation

Stone tools suggest that hominins arrived on Indonesian island much earlier than thought

De Novo Design of High-Performance Cortisol Luminescent Biosensors

Species-independent analysis and identification of emotional animal vocalizations

Surface Acidity of Oxygen Evolution Intermediates by Excited State Optical Spectroscopy

CytoAnalyst web platform facilitates comprehensive single cell RNA sequencing analysis

Limestone Conversion to Cement Clinker Precursor in a Zero-Gap Electrolyzer

Serological differentiation of West Nile, Usutu, and tick-borne encephalitis virus antibodies in birds and horses using mutant E protein ELISAs

Abstract West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) are worldwide endemic zoonotic orthoflaviviruses, often co-circulating in the same areas. Serological studies in animals, mostly birds and horses, are important means to monitor the spread of these viruses and the infection risks for humans. However, cross-reactive antibodies to these structurally similar flaviviruses frequently impact serological differentiation in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), hence time-consuming virus neutralization tests (VNTs) have to be employed in laboratories with high biosafety level. This study presents ELISAs using recombinant flavivirus E proteins with point mutations in the conserved fusion loop domain (Equad proteins) for differentiating IgY or IgG antibodies against WNV, USUV or TBEV in ducks, geese, chickens and horses. Panels of 169 duck and goose sera, 101 chicken sera and 136 horse sera were tested in Equad ELISAs, which resulted in high sensitivity and specificity, further improved by a pre-absorption step for the differentiation of WNV and USUV antibodies. Equad ELISAs for poultry and horse sera enable the reliable differentiation of WNV, USUV and TBEV specific antibodies without the need for VNTs, which has important implications for conducting seroprevalence studies as well as for veterinary routine diagnosis.