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Double functionalized Sindbis E2 glycoprotein modifies Sindbis tropism favouring infection of α5β1⁺ glioblastoma cells
Higher-order structural organization of mitochondrial metabolism
Alumina-Supported Palladium Oxide Clusters Catalyze the Nitric Oxide Reduction by Hydrogen under Oxygen-Rich Conditions
A De Novo Chemoenzymatic Assembly Strategy Enables the Efficient Preparation of a Large Core‐Xylosylated N‐Glycan Library for Probing Antibodies Against <i>Schistosoma japonicum</i>
ABSTRACT Core‐xylosylated N‐glycans represent a ubiquitous class of N‐glycans widely distributed across nature. Recently, core‐xylosylated N‐glycans have attracted considerable attention in the medical field, as they could elicit strong immune responses. Notably, antibodies targeting core‐xylosylated N‐glycans could kill Schistosoma in vitro, and thus process potentials for protecting host from Schistosoma infections. However, the structural complexity has posed significant challenges to access structure‐defined core‐xylosylated N‐glycans. Here, a powerful synthetic platform enabling the efficient preparation of core‐xylosylated N‐glycans is described. The strategy is based on de novo biosynthetic pathways to efficiently generate a sufficient quantity of N‐glycan core precursors, coupled with the use of a robust β1,2‐Xylosyltransferase to install core xylose in a stereoselective and regioselective manner. This approach further leverages diversity‐oriented synthesis to systematically construct a comprehensive core‐xylosylated N‐glycan library, encompassing a broad range of structurally diverse N‐glycans through enzymatic extension strategy. With the glycan array made from this glycan library, we investigated the binding activities of the antibodies against Schistosoma japonicum , which has caused widespread infections in Asia. In addition to the synthetic breakthroughs, this work also provides an insightful understanding of the structure–function relationships of core‐xylosylated N‐glycans, which will advance the rational design of carbohydrate‐based vaccine against Schistosoma infections.
JPEG-aware steganalysis: explicit frequency modeling with dequantized DCT for real-world JPEG images
β-arrestin and myosin VI cooperatively control glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide receptor (GIPR) internalization and signaling dynamics
Engineered Nonheme Iron Enzymes Enable Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenes
Selenium-doped ultrasound micro-arc oxidized calcium-phosphate coatings on Ti-13Nb-13Zr: functional and biological characteristics
Abstract Ultrasound-assisted micro-arc oxidation (UMAO) offers enhanced control over electrochemical oxidation processes by modifying discharge behavior and mass transport during coating growth. In this study, a Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy was processed by UMAO in calcium/phosphate-based electrolytes, with and without low-dose selenium incorporation, to elucidate process–structure–property relationships in porous oxide coatings. Selenium was introduced as a minor electrolyte component to investigate its influence on coating formation, interfacial characteristics, and functional performance. The resulting coatings were systematically characterized in terms of surface morphology, chemistry, topography, wettability, mechanical and tribological behavior, electrochemical stability, and biological response. Selenium incorporation altered the coating growth process, leading to increased surface wettability and surface free energy, accompanied by changes in topographical parameters indicative of modified surface functionality. All coatings exhibited cytocompatibility, maintaining osteoblast viability above the 70% threshold. Among the investigated variants, the Se350 coating (350 V, Se-doped) demonstrated the most favorable mechanical response, with increased hardness and elevated H/E and H³/E² ratios, which translated into improved wear resistance. Tribological testing in Ringer’s solution revealed a lower and more stable coefficient of friction for Se350 compared with its selenium-free counterpart, indicating enhanced durability under lubricated sliding conditions. In addition, selenium-doped coatings significantly suppressed Escherichia coli biofilm formation. Electrochemical investigations confirmed that UMAO processing improved corrosion resistance relative to the uncoated alloy, although the Se350 coating exhibited reduced long-term stability, likely associated with increased porosity and altered transport pathways within the coating. Overall, the results demonstrate that low-dose selenium incorporation during ultrasound-assisted micro-arc oxidation enables effective tuning of interfacial structure and multifunctional performance, highlighting the potential of this processing strategy for advanced surface engineering of titanium alloys.
Structure-based functionality of a multi-domain periplasmic chitodextrinase from marine bacterium Vibrio cholerae
Concave and Convex Molecular Curvature Modulates Spatial Electronic Environments for Controlled Electrocatalysis
A Neutral “Masked” Diborene and Its Reactivity Toward Metal‐Free Pyridine Homocoupling
ABSTRACT An unprecedented neutral “masked” non‐external‐donor‐stabilized diborene is generated via intramolecular arene dearomatization of an N‐heterocyclic imine (NHI)‐supported free diborene. The free diborene intermediate is photochemically accessible from the masked form, as supported experimentally through chalcogenation reactions. Computational studies elucidate an alkyne‐like bonding pattern and a triplet ground state with a Δ E S‐T = +1.2 kcal mol −1 for the NHI‐supported free diborene. Remarkably, the “masked” diborene activates pyridines, promoting transition‐metal‐free C−C bond formation with high C2 regioselectivity to afford homocoupling products under mild conditions. Mechanistic investigations reveal that stepwise coordination and B−C bond cleavage produce a bis‐pyridine diborene intermediate, which undergoes reductive coupling via intrinsically strong double single‐π‐electron transfer from the B═B unit to the intramolecular pyridine ligands. Furthermore, oxidation with p ‐benzoquinone allows the release of free 2,2′‐bipyridine derivatives. These findings provide access to insight into a hitherto elusive free diborene species, establish a previously unknown reactivity mode for diborenes, and demonstrate that this “masked” diborene functions as an exceptionally powerful double single‐electron donor with the potential to mimic transition‐metal behavior in the construction of organic molecules.
Deep learning classification of nasal anatomical variants on computed tomography for endoscopic sinus surgery
Abstract Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) carries risks such as vision loss and intracranial injury due to the proximity of critical structures and unrecognised anatomical variants. We developed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to detect free-floating anterior ethmoidal arteries (FFAEA), Onodi cells, and Haller cells on coronal sinus CT, and evaluated BioMedCLIP, a biomedical vision-language model (VLM), in a few-shot setting. CT scans from 122 ESS patients were anonymised, standardised coronal CT images were captured, and variant presence was annotated. Five ImageNet-pretrained CNN backbones were assessed using repeated patient-wise five-fold cross-validation across 40 configurations. The best CNNs achieved balanced accuracies of 77.8 ± 2.3% (FFAEA), 74.6 ± 2.5% (Onodi), and 63.7 ± 6.2% (Haller). BioMedCLIP achieved 65.5 ± 3.2%, 63.8 ± 1.8%, and 73.5 ± 3.6%, respectively, outperforming CNNs for Haller cell detection while providing competitive performance for the other variants. These models demonstrate proof-of-concept performance for automated identification of selected sinonasal variants on standardised coronal CT images under internal patient-wise cross-validation.
The multiple sclerosis drug fingolimod induces pore-like membrane defects, contributing to its antimicrobial activity
Multichannel Through‐Space Charge Transfer Triplet Photosensitizers for Rapid Visible‐Light Polymerization and High‐Fidelity 3D Printing
ABSTRACT Visible‐light‐driven polymerization offers unparalleled spatiotemporal control and energy efficiency, yet its practical performance is fundamentally constrained by the excited‐state dynamics of the photosensitizer. In this study, we report a class of ortho ‐positioned multi‐donor–acceptor molecules featuring multichannel through‐space charge transfer (TSCT) characteristics as highly efficient, heavy‐atom‐free triplet photosensitizers. By constructing a highly twisted three‐dimensional (3D) charge‐transfer network, these molecules achieve exceptional photophysical performance, including high intersystem crossing (ISC) quantum yields ( Φ ISC up to 0.86), microsecond‐scale triplet lifetimes, and an extraordinarily small singlet‐triplet energy gap (Δ E ST as low as 0.008 eV), while maintaining high triplet energies and strong visible‐light absorption. Benefiting from these attributes, the TSCT photosensitizers efficiently activate diphenyl ketone benzoyl oxime ester coinitiators via a triplet‐triplet energy transfer (TTEnT) mechanism, enabling rapid and well‐controlled acrylate polymerization under low‐intensity visible‐light irradiation. Importantly, this strategy enables, for the first time, the application of multichannel TSCT photosensitizers in digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing, allowing high‐resolution fabrication of complex 3D architectures under ambient conditions with excellent operational robustness and biocompatibility. This work establishes a versatile molecular platform for the rational design of organic triplet photosensitizers and advances visible‐light‐based precision manufacturing technologies.